{"id":4782,"date":"2015-06-06T17:57:45","date_gmt":"2015-06-06T15:57:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4782"},"modified":"2017-01-01T02:39:39","modified_gmt":"2017-01-01T00:39:39","slug":"org-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4782","title":{"rendered":"Orgu kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Orgun icad\u0131.<\/strong>\u00a0M.\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flayan, havay\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak ses \u00e7\u0131karan aletler, M.\u00d6. 1. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Roma’da suyla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan orglara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, M.S 1 y\u00fczy\u0131lda b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00f6renlerde, sirk, gladyat\u00f6r d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ve g\u00f6sterilerde \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131r olmu\u015ftur. M.S 500’lerde ortadan kaybolan bu ilk orgdan sonra ses 8. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ba\u011fdat ve Bizans’ta tekrar y\u00fckselir.<\/p>\n

Org<\/b>, ismini latince “Organum”dan al\u0131r, T\u00fcrk\u00e7edeki ger\u00e7ek ismi ise Rumca’daki “Or\u011fan\u00f4n” kelimesinden gelen “Erganun”dur. Orgda Ses<\/a>, k\u00f6r\u00fckle verilen havan\u0131n tahta veya metal borulardan ge\u00e7erken \u00fcflemeli \u00e7alg\u0131larda oldu\u011fu gibi i\u00e7erdeki hava s\u00fctunlar\u0131n\u0131 titre\u015ftirmesiyle elde edilir. Klavyeli<\/a> ve pedall\u0131 bir enstrumand\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015fik ses tonlar\u0131 ve notalar piyanoda oldu\u011fu gibi tu\u015flarla denetlenir. En \u00e7ok bilinen t\u00fcr\u00fc kilise orgudur.<\/p>\n

Org’u kim icat etti<\/h2>\n

\u0130lk yap\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok eski y\u00fczy\u0131llara uzan\u0131p (M\u00d6 150-200 y\u0131llar\u0131nda) M\u0131s\u0131r da Ktesibios ad\u0131nda birinin Pan Flavtas\u0131’n\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc su g\u00fcc\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak sesler elde etti\u011fi ve b\u00f6ylelikle ilk su orgunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir. M.S. III. Y\u00fczy\u0131la do\u011fru Hydraulis ad\u0131n\u0131 alan su orglar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan su bas\u0131nc\u0131; yerini hava bas\u0131nc\u0131na b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan \u201cregister\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve ses \u00f6zelliklerinin de\u011fi\u015fimini sa\u011flayan d\u00fczen bulundu. 18.ci yya kadar \u00fc\u00e7 tip org varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc; Portatif Org, Pozitif Org, B\u00fcy\u00fck Org. Klasik org Avrupal\u0131 yap\u0131c\u0131lar elinde geli\u015ferek 13-14nc\u00fc yy sonlar\u0131nda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bi\u00e7imine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak tiyatrolarda ve sirklerde kullan\u0131lan ve dind\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fczik \u00e7alg\u0131s\u0131 olan org; Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde b\u00fct\u00fcn bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na yay\u0131ld\u0131. 10ncu yydan ba\u015flayarak, \u00e7ok sesli yap\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131yla da birlikte dind\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fczik alan\u0131ndan kilise m\u00fczi\u011fi alan\u0131na kayd\u0131. Uzun s\u00fcre kilise m\u00fczi\u011finde kullan\u0131lan bu \u00e7alg\u0131, sonralar\u0131 dind\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fczi\u011fin de en yetkin \u00e7alg\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kilise orgcusu olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan b\u00fcy\u00fck besteciler sayesinde, org i\u00e7in \u00e7ok g\u00fczel yap\u0131tlar olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, say\u0131lar\u0131 binleri a\u015fan bir org da\u011far\u0131 do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Laurens Hammond’ un elektrikli orgu yapmas\u0131yla, en kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bi\u00e7imine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk kez 1934’te ABD\u2019de yap\u0131lan elektronik orgda borular ve hava mekanizmas\u0131 bulunmaz; sesler elektronik olarak \u00fcretilir.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131 orgu, Bizans’tan gelen hediyelerle tan\u0131r. Bir y\u00fczy\u0131l sonra Kilise, orgu ayinlerinin \u00f6nemli \u00f6\u011fesi haline getirmi\u015ftir. Piyano ise klasik d\u00f6nemle birlikte sek\u00fcler m\u00fczi\u011fin temel enstr\u00fcman\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. \u0130ngiltere Krali\u00e7esi Elizabeth III. Murad’a bir org hediye etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcnce, Levant Company tasar\u0131y\u0131 finanse etmi\u015f, 1599 y\u0131l\u0131nda III. Mehmed zaman\u0131nda, yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Thomas Dallam montaj i\u00e7in orgla birlikte \u0130stanbul’a yollanm\u0131\u015f ve burada konser de vermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Org I. Ahmed zaman\u0131nda (1603-1617) s\u00f6ylendi\u011f\u0131ne g\u00f6re, \u00fcst\u00fcnde tasvir ve suretler bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in k\u0131rd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, ah\u015fap k\u0131sm\u0131 da yak\u0131larak yok edildi. II. Mahmud d\u00f6neminde ise piyanoya \u00f6vg\u00fcler yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonunda piyano Levanten ve gayrim\u00fcslimlerden ba\u015flayarak Osmanl\u0131 evine girmi\u015f ancak daha \u00e7ok Bat\u0131l\u0131 modlara denk d\u00fc\u015fen Osmanl\u0131 makamlar\u0131n\u0131 icra etmek \u00fczere kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Orgun icad\u0131.\u00a0M.\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flayan, havay\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak ses \u00e7\u0131karan aletler, M.\u00d6. 1. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Roma’da suyla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan orglara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, M.S 1 y\u00fczy\u0131lda b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00f6renlerde, sirk, gladyat\u00f6r d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ve g\u00f6sterilerde \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131r olmu\u015ftur….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[1992],"class_list":["post-4782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eglence","tag-org"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4782"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4782"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7960,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4782\/revisions\/7960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}