{"id":544,"date":"2010-12-30T11:18:23","date_gmt":"2010-12-30T09:18:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=544"},"modified":"2018-02-19T14:17:02","modified_gmt":"2018-02-19T12:17:02","slug":"elektrik-motorunu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=544","title":{"rendered":"Elektrik Motorunu kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elektrik motoru<\/strong> elektrik enerjisini mekanik enerjiye \u00e7eviren makina olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. Elektrik kayna\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman bir mili d\u00f6nd\u00fcrerek bir hareket meydana getirir. Evde bulunan elektrik s\u00fcp\u00fcrgesi, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinas\u0131, diki\u015f makinas\u0131<\/strong> ve kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 hep motorlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Modern bir fabrikada ise, bantlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, bask\u0131 makinalar\u0131nda, de\u011firmenlerde hep elektrik motoru<\/strong> vard\u0131r. Motorlar genellikle tam y\u00fcklendikleri zaman tam verimlidirler.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck elektrik motorlar\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck elektrik motorlar\u0131dan, y\u00fcksek h\u0131z motorlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131z motorlar\u0131ndan daha verimlidir. Beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kesiminden, 5000 beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcne veya daha b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcce s\u00e2hip elektrik motorlar\u0131mevcuttur.<\/p>\n

Elektrik Motoru’nu kim icat etti<\/h2>\n

\u0130lk tic\u00e2r\u00ee motor 1880\u2019lerde, elektrik<\/a> ve manyetizmada 1820\u2019lerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan temel ke\u015fiflerden yar\u0131m as\u0131r sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Elektrik enerjisinden manyetizma \u00fcretildi\u011finden bu yana fen adamlar\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, “Manyetizmadan elektrik enerjisi elde edilebilir mi?” sorusu olmu\u015ftu. Bu, fen ilimleri tarihinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck mesele haline geldi. Faraday, zaman zaman bu mesele \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu arada ilk ilmi ke\u015ffini de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f oldu. \u0130lk defa 1821\u2019de Michael Faraday<\/strong>, bir m\u0131knat\u0131s ve hareketli telden s\u00fcrekli bir d\u00f6nme hareketi elde edebilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Bu ke\u015fif<\/strong>, elektrik motorlar\u0131n\u0131n esas\u0131<\/strong> kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

Bir Amerika<\/a>l\u0131 demirci olan Thomas Davenport<\/strong> 1837\u2019de elektrik motoru i\u00e7in ilk patenti alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Davenport, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l 50 librelik iki motor yapt\u0131. Biri, demir ya da \u00e7elik \u00fczerine 1\/4 in\u00e7lik delikler a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Her iki motor da, dakikada 450 devir yap\u0131yordu. 1839’da daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir motor yapt\u0131 ve bu motoru bir bask\u0131 makinesini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu makineyle de ilk say\u0131s\u0131 18 Ocak 1840 g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan ABD’nin elektrikle ilgili ilk gazetesi olan “The Electromagnet and Mechanics Intelligencer” i \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. End\u00fcstriyel ama\u00e7la belirli bir oranda mekanik g\u00fc\u00e7 elde etmek \u00fczere elektri\u011fin ilk kullan\u0131m\u0131 1873 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’te Societe Gramme tesislerinde yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

1888\u2019de \u0130talyan Galileo Ferrari<\/strong> birbirinden 90\u00b0 faz fark\u0131 olan iki alternatif manyetik alan\u0131n\u0131n sabit d\u00f6nen bir manyetik alan olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. Ayr\u0131ca, bir tek ak\u0131m\u0131n, fazlar\u0131 farkl\u0131 iki manyetik alan do\u011furan fazlar\u0131 farkl\u0131 iki ak\u0131ma ayr\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. D\u00f6nen tek bir manyetik alan\u0131n motorun rotas\u0131nda bir d\u00f6nme meydana getirdi\u011fini m\u00fc\u015f\u00e2hede etti. B\u00f6ylece ilk ind\u00fcksiyon motoru do\u011fmu\u015fsa da bunun san\u00e2yideki uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 Ferrari dev\u00e2m ettirememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1888-1896 aras\u0131nda Nikola Tesla<\/strong> <\/a>ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ind\u00fcksiyon motorunun patentlerini ald\u0131. George Westinghouse<\/strong>, Tesla\u2019n\u0131n patentlerini alarak ileri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131rd\u0131 ise de, ekonomik kriz ve elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 tekni\u011finin geli\u015fmeleri bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 engelledi. 1890\u2019lardan \u00eetib\u00e2ren \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerde alternatif ak\u0131m motorlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00c7ok fazl\u0131 elektrik motorlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk minyat\u00fcr elektrik motorlar\u0131 ise, 1880′ y\u0131l\u0131nda New Jersey’de Thomas Alva Edison<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elektrik motoru elektrik enerjisini mekanik enerjiye \u00e7eviren makina olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. Elektrik kayna\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman bir mili d\u00f6nd\u00fcrerek bir hareket meydana getirir. Evde bulunan elektrik s\u00fcp\u00fcrgesi, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinas\u0131, diki\u015f makinas\u0131 ve…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92,317],"tags":[311,1423,1425,1394,995,1424,1426,1422],"class_list":["post-544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","category-is-dunyasi","tag-elektrik-motoru","tag-galileo-ferrari","tag-george-westinghouse","tag-michael-faraday","tag-motor","tag-nikola-tesla","tag-thomas-alva-edison","tag-thomas-davenport"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=544"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9725,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/544\/revisions\/9725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}