{"id":570,"date":"2010-12-30T21:28:03","date_gmt":"2010-12-30T19:28:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=570"},"modified":"2016-12-25T20:26:23","modified_gmt":"2016-12-25T18:26:23","slug":"silgiyi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=570","title":{"rendered":"Silgi&#8217;yi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7ok geni\u015f bir kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 bulunan silgiden ilk kez 1770 y\u0131l\u0131nda s\u00f6z edildi. O y\u0131l, Londra&#8217;da, &#8220;Familiar Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Perspective&#8221; adl\u0131 bir kitap yay\u0131nland\u0131. Kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 Joseph Priestley, kitaba yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekte \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: &#8220;Bu kitap bas\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bir nesne g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Bununla, bir k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerindeki kur\u015funkalem izlerini rahatl\u0131kla yok edebiliyordu. Bu nedenle, \u00e7izimle u\u011fra\u015fan insanlar i\u00e7in son derece yararl\u0131 bir ara\u00e7 oldu\u011fu ku\u015fkusuzdur.<\/p>\n<p>Bu harika alet, matematiksel ara\u00e7lar yapan Bay Nairne taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bay Nairne, 2.5 santimlik k\u00fcbik bir par\u00e7ay\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 \u015filin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sat\u0131yor ama, y\u0131llarca kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Eski \u00e7a\u011flarda, grafit ve kara k\u00f6m\u00fcr kalemlerin izlerini silmek i\u00e7in beyaz ekmek kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Bug\u00fcn baz\u0131 karakalem sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 halen bu efekti kullan\u0131rlar. Modern geli\u015fim ise \u015fu \u015fekilde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Frans\u0131z Akademisi&#8217;nin 1752 tutana\u011f\u0131nda silgiden bahsedildi\u011fine rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu kay\u0131tlarda, kalemle yaz\u0131lan yaz\u0131lar\u0131 silmekte kullan\u0131lan, <i><b>caoutchouch<\/b><\/i> ad\u0131 verilen, G\u00fcney Amerika a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131ndan elde edilen bitkisel bir silgiden s\u00f6z edilmektedir.<\/li>\n<li>1770 y\u0131l\u0131nda,ingiliz m\u00fchendis Edward Nairne, ekmek par\u00e7alar\u0131 yerine kau\u00e7uk kullanarak ilk kau\u00e7uk-silgi&#8217;yi yar\u0131m in\u00e7-k\u00fcb\u00fcne 3 shilling&#8217;den sat\u0131\u015fa sundu. Nairne, kau\u00e7uk par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 bir araya getirirken tesad\u00fcf eseri onlar\u0131n silme g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc farketmi\u015f ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu. Bu y\u00fczden ingilizce&#8217;de bazen silgi <i>eraser<\/i> yerine do\u011frudan kau\u00e7uk <i>rubber<\/i> kelimesi kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Silgi konusundaki esas ilerleme, di\u011fer pek \u00e7ok konuda oldu\u011fu gibi 1839&#8217;da Charles Goodyear&#8217;\u0131n volkanize kau\u00e7u\u011fu ke\u015ffetmesi oldu. B\u00f6ylece daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olan silginin kullan\u0131m\u0131 artt\u0131.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130lk kur\u015fun kalem ve silgi patenti New York&#8217;ta 30 Mart 1858&#8217;de Hymen Lipman taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu patent 1862&#8217;de Joseph Reckendorfer taraf\u0131ndan Eberhard Faber i\u00e7in sat\u0131n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1875&#8217;de Amerikan Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yeni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle pantenti ge\u00e7ersiz olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Silgi<\/b>; kalem, tebe\u015fir veya daktiloyla yaz\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7izilmi\u015f i\u015faretlerin silinmesinde kullan\u0131lan kau\u00e7uk, vinil, plastik veya bezden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f gere\u00e7. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde silgiler genellikle bitkisel ya\u011f, ince s\u00fcngerta\u015f\u0131 ve s\u00fclf\u00fcrle ba\u011fl\u0131 kau\u00e7u\u011fun bile\u015fimidir. Bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m, kau\u00e7uk i\u015fleme ayg\u0131tlar\u0131nda i\u015flenir, kal\u0131ptan ge\u00e7irilerek sertle\u015ftirilir. Vinil de olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan bir materyaldir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7ok geni\u015f bir kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 bulunan silgiden ilk kez 1770 y\u0131l\u0131nda s\u00f6z edildi. O y\u0131l, Londra&#8217;da, &#8220;Familiar Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Perspective&#8221; adl\u0131 bir kitap yay\u0131nland\u0131. Kitab\u0131n&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[329],"class_list":["post-570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-egitim","tag-silgi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/570"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=570"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/570\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6819,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/570\/revisions\/6819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}