{"id":5793,"date":"2016-12-16T00:42:28","date_gmt":"2016-12-15T22:42:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5793"},"modified":"2019-01-15T15:34:13","modified_gmt":"2019-01-15T13:34:13","slug":"icatlar-ve-mucitleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5793","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6nemli \u0130catlar ve Mucitleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mucitler d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren insanlard\u0131r. Tarih boyunca bir \u00e7ok bulu\u015f veya di\u011fer ad\u0131yla icat yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 icatlar sadece belirli bir kitlenin ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131larken baz\u0131 icatlar ise insanl\u0131k tarihini ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. Ku\u015fkusuz d\u00fcnyan\u0131n<\/b> en b\u00fcy\u00fck icad\u0131 nedir <\/b>sorusunun tek bir cevab\u0131 yok.\u00a0<\/b>D\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkileyen \u00f6nemli icatlar nelerdir sorusuna bir nebze de olsa cevap vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren icatlar<\/a> ve mucitleri<\/b><\/h2>\n

Ar\u015fimet<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>(M.\u00d6. 287 – M.\u00d6. 212) – Yunan matematik\u00e7isi, fizik\u00e7i, m\u00fchendis, mucit ve g\u00f6kbilimci.\u00a0Suyun kald\u0131rma kuvvetini buldu.<\/p>\n

Cai Lun<\/strong> (M.S. 50-121 )\u00a0– Cai Lun, \u00e7inli politikac\u0131 ve y\u00f6neticidir. Ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131 icat etti<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Leonardo Da Vinci<\/strong> (1452 – 1519) – \u0130talyan sanat\u00e7\u0131\u00a0ve bilim adam\u0131. Da Vinci \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli makineler icat etti ve 3-500 y\u0131l sonra uygulanabilir olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ispatlayan prototip para\u015f\u00fctler, tanklar, u\u00e7an makineler gibi modeller \u00e7izdi. Daha pratik bulu\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda optik lens, ta\u015flama makinesi ve \u00e7e\u015fitli hidrolik makineler vard\u0131r<\/p>\n

Galileo<\/strong><\/a> (1564-1642) – \u0130talyan bilim adam\u0131. Galileo teleskopu icat etti<\/a>. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda devrimci teoriler \u00fcretti ve istaplad\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca bir pusula geli\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

Isaac Newton<\/strong><\/a> (1642-1726) \u0130ngiliz bilim adam\u0131, fizik\u00e7i ve astronom. Newton teleskopunu icat etti. Bu icad\u0131, teleskoplar\u0131n kapasitesini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015ftirdi ve optik bozulmay\u0131 azaltt\u0131. \u00a0oldu.<\/p>\n

Tomas Savery<\/strong> (c.1650-1715) \u0130ngiliz mucit. Kuyulardan\u00a0su pompalamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanan ilk buhar makinelerinden\u00a0birinin patentini ald\u0131. Savery buhar makinesi basitti, fakat\u00a0buhar makinelerinin\u00a0sonraki geli\u015fmelerinde bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u200b\u200bnoktas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Thomas Newcomen<\/strong> (1664 – 1729) Savery’in icad\u0131n\u0131 baz alarak\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve suyun pompalanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in daha g\u00fcvenli ve etkili olan atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak bir buhar makinesi icat etti.<\/p>\n

Jethro Tull<\/strong> (1674 – 1741) – \u0130ngiliz tar\u0131msal giri\u015fimci. Tull, tohum ekim makinesini icat etti. Tohum\u00a0ekme makinesi, tar\u0131mda verim art\u0131\u015f\u0131na\u00a0yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu icat sanayi devriminden \u00f6nce\u00a0tar\u0131m devrimi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir bulu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Abraham Darby<\/strong> (1678 – 1717) \u0130ngiliz mucit ve i\u015fadam\u0131. Darby kokdan b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda pik demiri \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 geli\u015ftirdi. Kok ergitilmi\u015f demir sanayi devriminde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir hammaddedir.<\/p>\n

John Harrison<\/strong> (1693 – 1776) \u0130ngilizce marangoz ve saat yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131. Denizde boylam\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in bir cihaz icat etti. Bu, okyanuslarda seyahat etmenin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hayati bir bulu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Benjamin Franklin<\/strong> (1705 – 1790), yazar, mucit, felsefeci, bilim insan\u0131, siyaset\u00e7i ve diplomat. Elektrik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 <\/a>\u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Paratoner, Franklin sobas\u0131, Cam Armonica ve iki odakl\u0131\u00a0g\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc icat etti.<\/p>\n

William Cullen<\/strong> (1710-1790) \u0130sko\u00e7 doktor ve kimyager. \u0130lk buzdolab\u0131n\u0131n temelini icat etmekle ilgili tasar\u0131mlar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Tasar\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 pratik kullan\u0131ma uygun hale getirme i\u015fi ba\u015fkalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

John Wilkinson<\/strong> (1728-1808) \u0130ngiliz sanayici. John ‘Iron Mad’ Wilkinson d\u00f6kme demir imalat\u0131n\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm silindirler buharl\u0131 motorlar\u0131n geli\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Richard Arkwright<\/strong> (1732 – 1792) \u0130ngiliz sanayici. Bir devrim a\u00e7an dokuma tezg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131<\/a> buldu. Bu icad\u0131 tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir basamak atlatt\u0131 ve dokuman\u0131n at\u00f6lyelerden fabrikalara ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n

James Watt<\/strong> (1736 – 1819) – Trenlerde kullan\u0131ma uygun buhar makinesinin \u0130sko\u00e7 mucidi. Yo\u011fu\u015fma odas\u0131 ke\u015ffi, buhar verimlili\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015ftirdi. Buhar makinelerinin, su pompalamaktan \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f bir alanda\u00a0kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na\u00a0olanak sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Alessandro Volta<\/strong> (1745-1827), \u0130talyan fizik\u00e7isi, Volta ilk elektrokimyasal pili icat etti<\/a>. \u0130cat etti\u011fi pilde \u00e7inko, bak\u0131r, s\u00fclf\u00fcrik asit ve su gibi bir elektrolit kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Humphrey Davy<\/strong> (1778-1829) – Davy lambas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ngiliz mucidi. Lamba, metan gaz\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu alanlarda madenciler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Tasar\u0131m\u0131 ince gazl\u0131 bezlerden \u00e7\u0131kan ve metan gaz\u0131n\u0131n patlamas\u0131na neden olan alevi \u00f6nl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

Charles Babbage<\/strong><\/a> (1791 – 1871) – \u0130ngiliz matematik\u00e7isi ve mucidi. Babbage, gelecekteki bilgisayarlar\u0131n prototipi\u00a0olan ilk mekanik bilgisayar\u0131<\/a> yaratt\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan bir modeli bitirememesine ra\u011fmen ‘Bilgisayar\u0131n Baba’s\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Michael Faraday<\/strong><\/a> (1791-1867), \u0130ngiliz kimya ve fizik bilgini. Elektromanyetik ind\u00fcklemeyi, manyetik alan\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n kutuplanma d\u00fczlemini d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc buldu. Benzen ke\u015ffetti Bunsen br\u00fcl\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk\u00a0formunu icat etti.\u00a0Elektrolizin temel ilkelerini belirledi. Klor gaz\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015faran ilk ki\u015fidir ve elektrik motorunu icat etti.<\/p>\n

Samuel Morse<\/strong><\/a> (1791-1872), Amerikal\u0131 mucit,\u00a0Telgraf\u0131 <\/a>ve mors alfabesini icat etti.<\/p>\n

William Henry Fox Talbot<\/strong> (1800-1877) – \u0130ngiliz Victoria d\u00f6nemi foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc. Bask\u0131 yapabilen ilk negatifi ke\u015ffetti. Foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in kalotip s\u00fcrecini icat etti.<\/p>\n

Louise Braille<\/strong> (1809-1852), Frans\u0131z mucit. Louis Braille, bir \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde k\u00f6r\u00a0oldu. K\u00f6rler i\u00e7in Braille okuma sistemi\u00a0yani k\u00f6rler alfabesini<\/a> geli\u015ftirdi. Ayr\u0131ca, m\u00fczik notalar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0okumak i\u00e7in M\u00fczikal Braille sistemini geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Kirkpatrick Macmillan<\/strong> (1812 – 1878) – \u0130sko\u00e7 Mucit. Bisikletin mucidi<\/a>. Kirkpatrick g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131lan\u00a0bisikletin temel tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. Pedal ve zincir sistemi\u00a0ile\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir bisiklet\u00a0<\/a>icat etti.<\/p>\n

James Clerk Maxwell<\/strong> (1831-1879) \u0130sko\u00e7 fizik\u00e7i ve mucit. Maxwell, renkli foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kla ilgili ilk prosed\u00fcr\u00fc icat etti. Maxwell bin y\u0131ll\u0131k en b\u00fcy\u00fck fizik\u00e7ilerden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Karl Benz<\/strong> <\/a>(1844-1929), Alman mucit ve i\u015fadam\u0131.\u00a01879’da benzinli i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorun patentini ald\u0131. Benz benzinle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk otomobili geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Thomas Edison<\/strong> (1847 – 1931) Yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.000 adet patenti olan\u00a0Amerikal\u0131 mucit. Elektrik ampul\u00fcnden <\/a>fonografa ve hareketli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kameras\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcr\u00fcnleri geli\u015ftirdi ve yeniledi. T\u00fcm zamanlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck mucitlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n

Alexander Graham Bell<\/strong> <\/a>(1847 – 1922) – \u0130sko\u00e7 bilim adam\u0131. ilk pratik telefonu icat etti<\/a>. Ayr\u0131ca optik telekom\u00fcnikasyon, havac\u0131l\u0131k ve hidrofoillerle ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Nikola Tesla<\/strong><\/a> (1856 -1943) – Florasan ayd\u0131nlatmay\u0131 icat eden Amerikal\u0131 Fizik\u00e7i. Tesla bobini, ind\u00fcksiyon motoru ve 3 fazl\u0131 elektrik, Dalgal\u0131 (AC) ak\u0131m\u0131 icat etti.<\/p>\n

Rudolf Diesel<\/strong> (1858-1913). Dizel motorunun Alman mucidi.<\/a> Benzinden daha fazla verimlilik sa\u011flayan bir motor \u00fczerinde\u00a0\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve dizel ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk\u00a0motoru icat etti.<\/p>\n

\u00c9douard Michelin<\/strong> (1859-1940), Frans\u0131z bir pn\u00f6matik lastik mucidi. John Dunlop, 1887’de ilk pratik pn\u00f6matik lasti\u011fi icat etti. 1889’da Michelin, kendi pn\u00f6matik lastik\u00a0tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Marie Curie<\/strong><\/a> (1867 – 1934) Polonya do\u011fumlu \/ Frans\u0131z kimyager ve fizik\u00e7i. Curie Radyum’u ke\u015ffetti. Bu ke\u015ffi radyasyon ve X I\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n pratikte kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Wright Karde\u015fler<\/strong> (1871-1948) 1903’te ilk motorlu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131<\/a>\u00a0tasarlayan, in\u015fa eden ve ba\u015far\u0131yla u\u00e7uran Amerikal\u0131 mucit\u00a0karde\u015fler.<\/p>\n

Alexander Fleming<\/strong> (1881-1955). \u0130sko\u00e7 bilim adam\u0131. Fleming, 1928’de Penicillium notatum kal\u0131b\u0131ndan tesad\u00fcfen\u00a0antibiyotik<\/a> penisilini ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

John Logie Baird<\/strong><\/a> (1888 – 1946) – Televizyonu<\/a> ve ilk kay\u0131t cihaz\u0131n\u0131 icat eden \u0130sko\u00e7 mucididir.<\/p>\n

Enrico Fermi<\/strong> (1901-1954), n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6r\u00fc geli\u015ftiren \u0130talyan bilim adam\u0131. Fermi, ind\u00fcklenen radyoaktiflikte \u00f6nemli bulu\u015flar yapt\u0131. N\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6r\u00fcn mucidi olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n

Robert Oppenheimer<\/strong> (1904-1967), Amerikal\u0131 Fizik\u00e7i Bilim Adam\u0131.\u00a0Atom bombas\u0131n\u0131 icat etti<\/a>. Oppenheimer, Japonya’ya at\u0131lan ilk atom bombas\u0131n\u0131 yapan\u00a0Manhattan projesinden sorumluydu. Daha sonra kendi bulu\u015funa kar\u015f\u0131 kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Alan Turing<\/strong> (1912 – 1954) – \u0130ngiliz Matematik\u00e7i. Bilgisayar <\/a>bilimlerinin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc. S\u00fcre\u00e7leri otomatik hale getirebilen Turing makinesini geli\u015ftirdi. Turing makinesi herhangi bir algoritman\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sim\u00fcle edebilen bir makinedir.<\/p>\n

Robert Noyce<\/strong> (1927-1990) – Amerikal\u0131 Elektrik m\u00fchendisi. Jack Kilby ile birlikte mikro\u00e7ip veya entegre devreyi icat etti. 1959’da patent ba\u015fvurusunda bulundu. Mikro\u00e7ip bilgisayar devrimini tetikleyen en \u00f6nemli unsurdur.<\/p>\n

James Dyson<\/strong> (1947-), \u0130ngiliz giri\u015fimci. Dual Cyclone hareketini kullanarak torbas\u0131z\u00a0elektrikli s\u00fcp\u00fcrgeyi geli\u015ftirdi. Dyson \u015firketi devrim niteli\u011finde sa\u00e7 kurutma makineleri\u00a0geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Tim Berners Lee<\/strong> (1955-) – \u0130ngiliz bilgisayar bilimcisi. Tim Berners Lee internetin <\/a>a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n web sitelerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenebilmesini sa\u011flayan World Wide Web’i icat etti.\u00a0http: \/\/ protokol\u00fcn\u00fc kulland\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda internetin kullan\u0131labilir duruma gelmesini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Steve Jobs<\/strong> (1955-2011) – Amerikal\u0131 giri\u015fimci ve geli\u015ftirici. iPod<\/a>, iPad, Macbook ve iPhone<\/a> ile elde ta\u015f\u0131nan yani mobil cihazlarla ilgili devrimi ba\u015flatan ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mucitler d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren insanlard\u0131r. Tarih boyunca bir \u00e7ok bulu\u015f veya di\u011fer ad\u0131yla icat yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Baz\u0131 icatlar sadece belirli bir kitlenin ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131larken baz\u0131 icatlar ise insanl\u0131k tarihini ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5842,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2369],"tags":[2498,2503,879,2501,2499,2502,2500,2520],"class_list":["post-5793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mucitler","tag-bilim-adamlari-ve-icatlari","tag-buluslar-ve-mucitleri","tag-icat","tag-icatlar-ve-buluslar","tag-mucit","tag-mucitler-ve-buluslari","tag-mucitler-ve-icatlari","tag-onemli-buluslar-ve-mucitleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5793"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5793"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5793\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12406,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5793\/revisions\/12406"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5842"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5793"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5793"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}