Optik fiber, 1960 l\u0131 y\u0131llardan sonra geli\u015fen teknoloji ile birlikte daha fazla veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc haline geldi. 1960 l\u0131 y\u0131llarda bak\u0131r tel altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ileti\u015fim trafi\u011finin h\u0131z\u0131na yeti\u015femedi\u011fi fark edildi. \u00d6nceleri t\u0131pta kullan\u0131lan fiber optik, veri kayb\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok az ve \u00fczerinde ta\u015f\u0131yabildi\u011fi veri miktar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z olmas\u0131 nedeniyle ba\u015fta telekom\u00fcnikasyon olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok alanda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0Zamanla camdan ya da plastikten yap\u0131lan fiber optik avantajlar\u0131 sayesinde, ses, video ve di\u011fer verilerin, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerine iletimi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan a\u011flar\u0131n omurgas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Fiber optiklerin ard\u0131ndaki konsept \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ilk olarak \u0130rlandal\u0131 mucit John Tyndall<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tyndall 1850 y\u0131l\u0131nda su \u015felalelerinin ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131nda fiber optik kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n Optik ileti\u015fim sistemleri, Frans\u0131z mucit Claude Chappe’nin 1790’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda\u00a0icat etti\u011fi optik semafor telgraf\u0131nda ilk olarak oraya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 1880’de Alexander Graham Bell, Fotofon adl\u0131 bir optik telefon sisteminin patentini ald\u0131 fakat\u00a0daha \u00f6nceki icad\u0131 telefon, daha pratikti ve maddi kazan\u00e7 sa\u011fl\u0131yordu. Fotofon deneysel bir bulu\u015f olarak kald\u0131 ve hi\u00e7bir zaman ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi.<\/p>\n 1920’li y\u0131llarda, \u0130ngiltere’de John Logie Baird<\/a> ve Amerika’da\u00a0Clarence W. Hansell, televizyon <\/a>veya faks sistemleri i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc iletimi sa\u011flayan i\u00e7i bo\u015f borular\u0131n ve \u015feffaf \u00e7ubuk dizilerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 fikrinin patentini ald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n 1952’de fizik\u00e7i Narinder Singh Kapany, optik fiberin ke\u015ffedilmesine yol a\u00e7an deneyler yapt\u0131.\u00a0Narinder Singh Kapany<\/strong>, fiber opti\u011fin mucidi olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kapany, 1952<\/strong> y\u0131l\u0131nda Londra\u2019daki Imperial College\u2019de ara\u015ft\u0131rma yaparken, optik kalitedeki camdan yap\u0131lan ince tellerin bir ucundan \u0131\u015f\u0131k verildi\u011finde, tel b\u00fck\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olsa bile \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n telin di\u011fer ucundan herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011framadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etti.<\/p>\n Kapany, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n, camdan yap\u0131lan fiberin (lif) i\u00e7erisinde yans\u0131ma yoluyla ilerledi\u011fini ve her bir fiberin farkl\u0131 dalga boyundaki \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak yeterli miktarda mesafe \u00fczerinde ta\u015f\u0131yabildi\u011fini fark etti. Lifin\u00a0\u00fczerine eklenen camdan bir kaplaman\u0131n, onun yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fini artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan lifin \u0131\u015f\u0131k iletim verimlili\u011fini artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n Narinder Singh Kapany<\/strong>, fiber opti\u011fin mucidi olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130lk fiber optik yar\u0131 esnek gastroskop, Basil Hirschowitz, C. Wilbur Peters<\/strong> ve 1956’da Michigan \u00dcniversitesi’nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar Lawrence E. Curtiss taraf\u0131ndan patentlendi. Gastroskop geli\u015ftirilirken Curtiss ilk cam kaplamal\u0131 fiberi \u00fcretti. Lifler; \u00d6nceki optik fiberler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck indeksli kaplama malzemesi olarak hava veya pratik ya\u011flara ve mumlara dayan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Japonya’n\u0131n Tohoku \u00dcniversitesi’nde bilim adam\u0131 olan Jun-ichi Nishizawa<\/strong>, 1963’te ileti\u015fim i\u00e7in optik elyaf kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nermi\u015fti. Nishizawa fiber optik ileti\u015fimin geli\u015ftirilmesine katk\u0131da bulunan bir \u00e7ok teknolojik sistem \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Lazer teknolojisindeki e\u015f zamanl\u0131 geli\u015fmeler de, 1960lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda fiber optik \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara dahil oldu. Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019\u0131n Essex\u00a0b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan\u00a0Standard Telephones and Cables firmas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Charles Kao<\/strong>, optik kablolar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile iletilen \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n mesafe artt\u0131k\u00e7a azalmas\u0131n\u0131n, cam \u00fczerindeki kirli tabakalar\u0131n temizlenmesi sayesinde \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebildi\u011fini fark etti. Onun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sayesinde fiber optik kablolar, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6zellikle telekom\u00fcnikasyon alan\u0131nda k\u0131talar aras\u0131 telefon ve bilgisayar ileti\u015fim sistemlerinde kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Optik fiber, 1960 l\u0131 y\u0131llardan sonra geli\u015fen teknoloji ile birlikte daha fazla veri aktar\u0131m\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc haline geldi. 1960 l\u0131 y\u0131llarda bak\u0131r tel altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ileti\u015fim trafi\u011finin h\u0131z\u0131na yeti\u015femedi\u011fi fark edildi. \u00d6nceleri…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5798,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2505,2504,2506],"class_list":["post-5797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-fiber","tag-fiber-optik","tag-fiber-optik-kablo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5797"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5797"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5797\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9970,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5797\/revisions\/9970"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Narinder<\/strong> Singh Kapany<\/strong><\/h2>\n