{"id":5820,"date":"2016-12-17T18:20:13","date_gmt":"2016-12-17T16:20:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5820"},"modified":"2016-12-17T22:05:46","modified_gmt":"2016-12-17T20:05:46","slug":"grip-asisini-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5820","title":{"rendered":"Grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Grip D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n olarak\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fclen, bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131, ate\u015fli bir vir\u00fcs hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk kez milattan \u00f6nce\u00a0412\u00a0y\u0131l\u0131nda Hipokrat taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ya\u015fanan ufak \u00e7apl\u0131 grip salg\u0131nlar\u0131 sonras\u0131 12. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda hastal\u0131k ile ilgili geli\u015fmeler h\u0131zlanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015f en eski salg\u0131n ise 1510 yl\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur. Malta’da ba\u015flayan bu pandemi Sicilya yoluyla neredeyse t\u00fcm Avrupa’y\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.. Bundan\u00a0sonra her as\u0131rda birka\u00e7 salg\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyay\u0131 sararak milyonlarca insan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Grip vir\u00fcslerinin influenza Orthomyxoviridae ailesinden oldu\u011funu\u00a0ve nedenini domuzlar \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 deneylerde ilk kez 1931’de Richard Shope taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Patrick Laidlaw<\/h2>\n

Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n vir\u00fcsler taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0meydana getirildi\u011finin \u00f6\u011frenilmesinden k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra, 1933’te Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k T\u0131bbi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Konseyinde Patrick Laidlaw taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen bir grup taraf\u0131ndan vir\u00fcs\u00fcn insanlardan izole edilmesi izledi.<\/p>\n

Dr. Jonas Salk <\/strong>ve Thomas Francis<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Dr. Jonas Salk <\/strong>ve Thomas Francis<\/strong>, 1938’de grip vir\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 ilk a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. \u0130lk grip a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesi Birle\u015fik Devletler askerlerinde hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

1952’de grip a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 konusundaki deneyimini kullanarak Sial, etkili bir \u00e7ocuk felci a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi. 1940-1960 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00fcretilen a\u015f\u0131lar \u00a0a\u011fr\u0131, yorgunluk ve ate\u015f gibi yan etkiler geli\u015ftiriyordu. Bu yan etkiler, v\u00fccudun a\u015f\u0131lardan gelen grip mikrobuna kar\u015f\u0131 bir s\u00fcre sava\u015fmas\u0131 demekti.\u00a0\u0130lk grip a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 yan etkileri \u00e7ok olsa da\u00a0vir\u00fcsleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dr. Jonas Salk, 1953 y\u0131l\u0131nda The American Medical Association Dergisinde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yaz\u0131da \u00e7ocuk felcine kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131dan bahsetti.\u00a0A\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda test edilmesi 1954’te ba\u015flad\u0131 ve sonraki birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde, \u00e7ocuk felci enfeksiyonlar\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Gribe yol a\u00e7an vir\u00fcslere influenza vir\u00fcsleri ad\u0131 verilir ve A,B, C diye bilinen \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 tipi vard\u0131r. Bunlar da\u00a0kendi aralar\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da alt tiplere ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bu vir\u00fcsler, d\u0131\u015f fizik\u00ee etkilere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131ks\u0131zd\u0131r.\u00a0G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 ile k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00f6l\u00fcrler. Eter, formaldehit, fenol gibi kimyev\u00ee maddelere kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7sizdir.<\/p>\n

”Grip” kelimesi Galya yerlilerinin dilinde bula\u015fmak manas\u0131na gelen ”Gripan” kelimesinden k\u00f6ken almaktad\u0131r. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u0131bbi literat\u00fcrdeki ad\u0131 olan ”\u0130nfluenza” kelimesi ise \u0130talyancada ”y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan gelen gizli kuvvet” manas\u0131na gelen bir kelimeden t\u00fcremi\u015ftir. Hastal\u0131\u011fa ”Flu”, ”Nezle” ve ”Pa\u00e7avra Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131” gibi isimlerde halk taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Grip D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n olarak\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fclen, bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131, ate\u015fli bir vir\u00fcs hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk kez milattan \u00f6nce\u00a0412\u00a0y\u0131l\u0131nda Hipokrat taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ya\u015fanan ufak \u00e7apl\u0131 grip salg\u0131nlar\u0131 sonras\u0131 12. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda hastal\u0131k ile ilgili…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[2212,2512,2513,891,2515,2514,2517,2516],"class_list":["post-5820","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-grip","tag-grip-asisi","tag-grip-asisini-bulan","tag-hipokrat","tag-jonas-salk","tag-patrick-laidlaw","tag-richard-shope","tag-thomas-francis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5820"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5820"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5820\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5823,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5820\/revisions\/5823"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5820"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}