{"id":5835,"date":"2016-12-17T23:00:24","date_gmt":"2016-12-17T21:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5835"},"modified":"2018-09-25T12:49:54","modified_gmt":"2018-09-25T10:49:54","slug":"dunyanin-yuvarlak-oldugunu-kim-kesfetti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5835","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funu kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen ilk ki\u015fi veya bilim adam\u0131 kimdir?<\/strong> D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011fu antik Yunanl\u0131lardan beri biliniyordu. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funun ke\u015ffedilmesi yayg\u0131n olarak Yunan filozof Pisagor’a atfedilmesine ra\u011fmen Aristo’nun fikirlerine ve teorilerine daha fazla \u00f6nem verilmektedir. Magellan’\u0131n heyecan verici co\u011frafi ke\u015fifleri ise teorileri ger\u00e7ek k\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funu ispatlayan bilim adamlar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Pisagor M.\u00d6 500 l\u00fc y\u0131llarda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011fu fikrini ortaya att\u0131. Ay’\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi boyunca hareketlerini ve\u00a0Ay’\u0131n son \u015feklini \u00a0g\u00f6zlemleyerek Ay’\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Pisagor\u00a0<\/strong>“Ay yuvarlak ise\u00a0D\u00fcnya’da yuvarlak olmal\u0131” diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Pisagordan sonra \u00a0M.\u00d6. 430’da, Anaxagoras<\/strong> adl\u0131 bir adam g\u00fcne\u015f ve ay tutulmalar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek sebebini belirledi ve ay tutulmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ay’\u0131n D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki\u00a0g\u00f6lgesinin \u015fekli, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funun kan\u0131t\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

M.\u00d6. 350 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, Aristo<\/strong><\/a>, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n bir k\u00fcre oldu\u011funu ekvatordan uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcnen tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131yla ilgili yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemler, ufukta e\u011frilik bir geminin ufukta kaybolu\u015f bi\u00e7imi gibi \u00a0kan\u0131tlara dayan\u0131larak\u00a0d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Sonraki y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l boyunca Aristoyu takip eden di\u011fer yunan filozoflar\u0131 Aristarchus<\/strong> ve\u00a0Eratosthenes<\/strong> D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7mekle ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Antik yunanda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n hepsi teoride kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

9. y\u00fczy\u0131la gelindi\u011finde, m\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim adamlar\u0131<\/a> D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n bir k\u00fcre oldu\u011funu biliyordu. Astronomi alimi \u0130bn Hazm<\/strong> buna bir kan\u0131t olarak, \u201cG\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 her zaman yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde belirli bir noktaya dik d\u00fc\u015fer\u201d diye tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun olanilmesi i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n yuvarlak\u00a0 \u015fekilde olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130bn Hazm’\u0131n bu tespiti Galileo’dan yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 y\u0131l \u00f6nceydi. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman astronomlar\u0131n hesaplamalar\u0131 o kadar do\u011fruydu ki, 9. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n \u00e7evresini 40.253.4km olarak hesaplad\u0131lar. Bu sonu\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki rakamdan 200 km daha azd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Co\u011frafi ke\u015fifler ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funu fiilen kan\u0131tlayan ilk ki\u015fi, Portekizli ka\u015fif Ferdinand Magellan<\/strong> d\u0131r. Macellan ilk deniz yolculu\u011funa 1505 y\u0131l\u0131nda, hen\u00fcz 25 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ke\u015fif seferlerine ise 1512’de ba\u015flad\u0131. Macellan’\u0131n ke\u015fif gezisi d\u00fcnya \u00e7evresinde yap\u0131lan ilk seyahat olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti. Macellan\u00a0G\u00fcney Amerika<\/a>‘daki bo\u011fazdan ge\u00e7erek Atlas ile B\u00fcy\u00fck Okyanus’u birle\u015ftiren bir deniz yolculu\u011fu\u00a0yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu yolculuk bat\u0131ya yada do\u011fuya gidildik\u00e7e saat farklar\u0131 oldu\u011fu kavram\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.\u00a0\u00d6ncelikle denizciler i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 bir saat sisteminin gerekli oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131.\u00a0D\u00f6nd\u00fcklerinde, dikkatle tutulan seyir defterine ra\u011fmen seyir defterindeki tarih ile yola ilk \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 yerdeki tarihlerin birbirini tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 farkettiler.\u00a0G\u00fcnlerin uzunlu\u011fu aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 hesaplayacak kadar kesin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yapabilen saatleri de yoktu. Zamanla ilgili bu yeni ke\u015fif\u00a0b\u00fcy\u00fck heyecan yaratt\u0131, \u00f6zel bir heyet bu durumu ve ke\u015ffi\u00a0anlatmak\u00a0\u00fczere Vatikan’a Papa’n\u0131n yan\u0131na yolland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Macellan bir \u00e7ok ke\u015fif seferi yapt\u0131. Baharat Adalar\u0131’n\u0131n \u00f6tesine giderek t\u00fcm meridyenlerden ge\u00e7en ilk insanlardan olmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck Okyanus’a seferi esnas\u0131nda okyanusu \u00e7ok sakin g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in “pasifik” ismini verdi.\u00a0Ayr\u0131ca G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019da ke\u015ffetti\u011fi bo\u011faza \u00a0Magellan Bo\u011faz\u0131 ismi verildi. \u00a0Portekizli denizci Macellan, B\u00fcy\u00fck Okyanus’u a\u015fan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma gezisi yapm\u0131\u015f ilk insan olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 dola\u015fmak \u00fczere denize a\u00e7\u0131lan 250 den falza denizci oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir. Fakat bu denizcilerden sadece 18 tanesi \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolculuktan \u0130spanya’ya geri d\u00f6nebildi.<\/p>\n

Macellan 1521 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0Filipinler’deki Mactan Sava\u015f\u0131’nda son seferini tamamlayamadan \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen ilk ki\u015fi veya bilim adam\u0131 kimdir? D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011fu antik Yunanl\u0131lardan beri biliniyordu. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yuvarlak oldu\u011funun ke\u015ffedilmesi yayg\u0131n olarak Yunan filozof Pisagor’a atfedilmesine ra\u011fmen Aristo’nun fikirlerine…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5838,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[1700,2529,2527,2528,1477],"class_list":["post-5835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gezi","tag-aristo","tag-dunyanin-yuvarlak","tag-ferdinand-magellan","tag-magellan","tag-pisagor"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5835"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5835"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11923,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5835\/revisions\/11923"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}