{"id":5911,"date":"2016-12-18T19:00:57","date_gmt":"2016-12-18T17:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5911"},"modified":"2018-03-10T23:12:00","modified_gmt":"2018-03-10T21:12:00","slug":"cep-telefonu-kim-icat-etti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5911","title":{"rendered":"Cep telefonunu kim icat etti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mobil telefon veya cep telefonu Martin Cooper<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda icat edildi. Cep telefonunun tarihi ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, Nathan Stubblefield’\u0131n 1908’de ilk patenti ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Ancak mobil telefonlar i\u00e7in al\u0131nan bu patent, bug\u00fcn bildi\u011fimiz cep telefonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil telsiz telefonlar i\u00e7in\u00a0al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Stubblefield’\u0131n patentli cihaz\u0131 o zamanki telsiz telefonlar i\u00e7indi. Cep telefonunun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi\u00a0ile ilgili izler 1940’lara kadar geriye gidebilir. Bell Labs esas olarak telsiz\u00a0telefonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in mobil baz istasyonlar\u0131 \u00fcretti ve bu baz istasyonlar\u0131 mobil ileti\u015fim i\u00e7in 1960’lara kadar kullan\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0O zamanlarda\u00a0telsiz telefonun<\/a> esas\u00a0kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ordu idi. Bu elde ta\u015f\u0131nan\u00a0mobil\u00a0aletler, 1969’da George Sweigert\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cep telefonunun ilk ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u00a01945 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131 ve bu telefonlara s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 nesil telefonlar deniyor. S\u0131f\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 nesil GSM a\u011f\u0131 belirli bir alan\u0131 kaps\u0131yordu. S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak kapsama alan\u0131 ve tek bir tabandan olu\u015fan bu sistem, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz cep telefonu \u015febekesinin\u00a0temelidir.<\/p>\n

Birinci Nesil Cep Telefonlar\u0131 (1G)<\/h2>\n

Martin Cooper’\u0131n bulu\u015fu 17 Ekim 1973’te patentlendi. \u0130lk cep telefonu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesi, patent i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmadan \u00f6nce birka\u00e7 ay \u00f6nce Cooper taraf\u0131ndan 3 Nisan 1973’de yap\u0131ld\u0131. Martin Cooper AT & T Bell Labs’ta bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olan Dr. Joel Engel’i arad\u0131. Cooper o s\u0131rada Motorola’da \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu ilk cep telefonu aramas\u0131 bir\u00e7ok televizyon, radyo ve gazete mensubu \u00f6n\u00fcnde yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra \u015firketler h\u00fccresel a\u011flar yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Sabit Telefonlar hala piyasaya hakim olsa da, \u015firketler yava\u015f yava\u015f bu yeni teknolojiye yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmaya ve\u00a0cep telefonu modelleri \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci Nesil Cep Telefonlar\u0131 (2G)<\/h2>\n

Cep telefonunun tarihindeki bir sonraki a\u015fama 2G (ikinci nesil) telefon a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve telefonlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesiydi. En eski 2G telefon sistemleri aras\u0131nda GSM, IDEN ve IS-95 vard\u0131. GSM \u015febekeleri 1991’de (\u00f6zellikle Finlandiya’da) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk\u00a0cep telefonlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 2G telefonlar\u0131n dijital devre anahtarlamal\u0131 iletim\u00a0sistemi vard\u0131. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, telefon ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 yada aramas\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in mobil a\u011fa ba\u011flamak \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

2G sadece yayg\u0131nla\u015fmakla\u00a0kalmad\u0131, cep telefonlar\u0131n\u0131n tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fti. Cep telefonlar\u0131 daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hale geldi. Boyutlar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cep telefonu boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi temelde iki sebepten dolay\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. Birincisi, ilerleyen teknoloji daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7iplerde daha fazla devre s\u0131\u011fd\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. \u0130kincisi, h\u00fccresel sistemler yani cep telefonu \u015febekeleri\u00a0daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hale geldi.<\/p>\n

2G telefonlar cep telefonlar\u0131na yeni bir \u00f6zellik olan mesaj\u00a0yani SMS metni konseptini de tan\u0131tt\u0131. SMS ilk olarak \u0130ngiltere’de denendi fakat ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez. \u0130lk k\u0131sa mesaj 1993’de Finlandiya’da\u00a0at\u0131ld\u0131. SMS\u00a0mesaj\u0131 k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede\u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn cep telefonlar\u0131 ve \u015febekeleri taraf\u0131ndan uyarland\u0131. Farkl\u0131 zil sesleri cep telefonlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

3G telefonlar<\/h2>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc nesil (3G) cep telefonu tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 2G cep telefonlar\u0131n\u0131n standart\u00a0haline gelmesinden sonra ba\u015flad\u0131. Japonya May\u0131s 2001’de 3G \u015febekesini deneyen ilk \u00fclke oldu. Ekim ay\u0131nda Japonya’da NTT DoCoMo taraf\u0131ndan 3G \u015febekesi tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. CDMA2000 teknolojisine sahip olan ayn\u0131\u00a0sistem ertesi y\u0131l G\u00fcney Kore’de ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

2003 ba\u015f\u0131nda, Avrupa’da \u00a0ilk \u00f6nce \u0130ngiltere ve \u0130talya’da 3G a\u011flar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Cep telefonunun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, teknolojideki h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerlemelerle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn cep telefonlar\u0131, 1973’te ilk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0zamankinden \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131 ve akla gelmeyecek kadar \u00e7ok \u00f6zellikle doludur.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde cep telefonlar\u0131 birer bilgisayar gibi kullan\u0131labiliyor. 4G ve 5G gibi y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda internet ve \u015febeke ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 imkanlar\u0131yla cep telefonlar\u0131 i\u015f\u00a0ve e\u011flence cihazlar\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mobil telefon veya cep telefonu Martin Cooper taraf\u0131ndan 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda icat edildi. Cep telefonunun tarihi ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, Nathan Stubblefield’\u0131n 1908’de ilk patenti ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Ancak mobil telefonlar i\u00e7in al\u0131nan bu patent,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6104,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[626,2484],"class_list":["post-5911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-cep-telefonu","tag-cep-telefonu-kim-buldu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5911"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5911"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5911\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11299,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5911\/revisions\/11299"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}