{"id":5917,"date":"2014-12-18T00:32:17","date_gmt":"2014-12-17T22:32:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5917"},"modified":"2017-01-04T18:51:02","modified_gmt":"2017-01-04T16:51:02","slug":"ipek-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5917","title":{"rendered":"\u0130pe\u011fi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130pek kuma\u015f\u0131n icad\u0131 yada bulunu\u015fu ile ilgili bir \u00c7in efsanesi olan \u0130pekb\u00f6ce\u011fi Efsanesi’ne bakmak gerekir.\u00a0\u00c7inliler ipe\u011fin kendilerinin bulu\u015fu oldu\u011funu,\u00a0onu ke\u015ffeden ilk ki\u015finin ise, M.\u00d6. 3000 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sar\u0131 \u0130mparator’un e\u015fi Hsi Leng \u015eih\u00a0oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemektedirler. Hsi Leng \u015eih bir g\u00fcn kraliyet bah\u00e7esinde dut a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda oturuyor ve \u00e7ay keyfi yap\u0131yormu\u015f. A\u011fa\u00e7tan bir koza s\u0131cak \u00e7ay\u0131n\u00a0i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f. Kozan\u0131n\u00a0g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ipli\u011finin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc farkeden imparatori\u00e7e, ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi yeti\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. \u0130pek b\u00f6ceklerinin kozalar\u0131ndan elde etti\u011fi iplikleri\u00a0yap\u0131lan bir tezg\u00e2hta \u00e7\u00f6zmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Ona bu ke\u015fif \u015ferefine, “\u0130pek Tanr\u0131\u00e7a” unvan\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fler.<\/p>\n

\u0130pek Arkeolojik Kan\u0131tlar<\/h2>\n

\u00c7in’de\u00a0yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lardan elde edilen arkeolojik bulgular ise efsanenin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0kan\u0131tlar nitelikte g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Kaz\u0131larda Fildi\u015finden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u00fczeri ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi desenleri s\u00fcslenmi\u015f bir fincan bulunmu\u015ftur. Fincan ile\u00a0birlikte ipek yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ekipmanlar\u0131 da bulunmu\u015ftur. Bulgular\u0131n\u00a0yakla\u015f\u0131k 6.000 – 7.000 ya\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu durum, uzmanlar\u0131n ipe\u011fin yakla\u015f\u0131k 10.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce ke\u015ffedildi\u011fine inanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1927’de \u00c7in’de\u00a0yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lar, ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finin yeni kan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 da ortaya koydu. Sar\u0131 Nehir boyunca yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda bir kozan\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc buldular. M.\u00d6. 2.500 ila 2.300 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir. Bir ba\u015fka bulgu ise Zhejiang eyaletinde yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131ld\u0131. M.\u00d6. 3.000 y\u0131llar\u0131na kadar uzanan ipek kuma\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131, \u015feritler ve di\u011fer ipek par\u00e7alar\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

\u0130pek Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n

\u0130pek, \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok de\u011ferli bir kuma\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcyd\u00fc. \u0130lk ba\u015flarda yaln\u0131zca ba\u015fkentte \u0130mparator ve ailesi k\u0131yafetlerinde ipek kullanabiliyordu.\u00a0Kuma\u015flar\u0131n renkleri beyaz ve sar\u0131yd\u0131. Halk\u0131n ipe\u011fi giyecek olarak kullanmas\u0131 yasakt\u0131. Ancak halk\u00a0ipe\u011fi k\u0131yafet olarak de\u011filde fakl\u0131 \u015fekillerde kulland\u0131. \u0130pek, yay k\u0131l\u0131flar\u0131, m\u00fczik aletleri ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131rlard\u0131. \u0130pek bir de\u00a0para birimi olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Zamanla\u00a0eski yasalar gev\u015femi\u015f ve herkes krallar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 ipek k\u0131yafetleri giyebilir duruma geldi.<\/p>\n

\u0130pek, \u00c7in ekonomisi i\u00e7in hayati bir \u00f6neme sahipti ve ayn\u0131 zamanda stat\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00a0bir sembol\u00fcyd\u00fc. Bu nedenle, ipe\u011fin yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00a0uzunca bir s\u00fcre s\u0131k\u0131\u00a0korunan bir s\u0131r oldu. Eski \u00c7in yasalar\u0131nda \u0130pek yapma y\u00f6ntemlerini halka a\u00e7\u0131klayan, ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan veya materyalleri yabanc\u0131\u00a0ki\u015filerle payla\u015fan herkes \u00f6l\u00fcmle cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer \u00dclkelerde\u00a0\u0130pek<\/h2>\n

\u00c7in hanedanlar\u0131n\u0131n, ipekten sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 faydalar\u0131 bir s\u0131r olarak kendine saklama istedi\u011fi ne kadar olursa olsun, g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin eline ge\u00e7mesine engel olamad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle M.\u00d6. 200 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren \u00c7in ile ticaret yapan Asya’n\u0131n di\u011fer \u00fclkeleri bu s\u0131rr\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendiler.\u00a0K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra\u00a0Hindistan ve Pers kendi ipek ipliklerinden ipek kuma\u015flar dokumaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130pek, 1200’l\u00fc y\u0131llarda Persler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Avrupa’ya do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130talya, binlerce ipek yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ile Avrupadaki\u00a0ilk ipek b\u00f6ce\u011fi \u00e7iftliklerini kurdu.\u00a0Bug\u00fcn ipek t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada \u00fcretilmektedir. Fakat do\u011fdu\u011fu yer olan \u00c7in, bu muhte\u015fem kuma\u015f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcreticisi olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130pek kuma\u015f\u0131n icad\u0131 yada bulunu\u015fu ile ilgili bir \u00c7in efsanesi olan \u0130pekb\u00f6ce\u011fi Efsanesi’ne bakmak gerekir.\u00a0\u00c7inliler ipe\u011fin kendilerinin bulu\u015fu oldu\u011funu,\u00a0onu ke\u015ffeden ilk ki\u015finin ise, M.\u00d6. 3000 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sar\u0131 \u0130mparator’un e\u015fi Hsi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[2939],"class_list":["post-5917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-moda","tag-ipek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5917"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5917"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8016,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5917\/revisions\/8016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}