{"id":5931,"date":"2017-01-02T00:41:01","date_gmt":"2017-01-01T22:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5931"},"modified":"2018-09-28T01:11:39","modified_gmt":"2018-09-27T23:11:39","slug":"asansoru-kim-icat-etti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=5931","title":{"rendered":"Asans\u00f6r\u00fc kim icat etti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Asans\u00f6r insanlar\u0131 veya e\u015fyalar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan\u00a0yukar\u0131ya, yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131maya yarayan, katlar aras\u0131nda duran ve hareket eden , genellikle elektrik<\/a> motorlu hidrolik ve mekanik bir ta\u015f\u0131ma aletidir. Asans\u00f6r icat edildikten sonra \u00e7ok katl\u0131 binalar\u0131n geli\u015fimi h\u0131z kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde\u00a0m\u00fchendisler ve mimarlar binalar\u0131 in\u015faa ederken iki\u00a0katl\u0131dan y\u00fcz\u00a0kat\u0131n \u00fczerindeki binalara kadar asans\u00f6rler kullan\u0131yorlar. Konutlarda oldu\u011fu kadar, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezlerinde, hastanelerde, kamu kurumlar\u0131nda, otoparklarda, fabrikalarda farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7larla asans\u00f6rler kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Asans\u00f6r\u00fc kim buldu?<\/h2>\n

M\u0131s\u0131r, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli in\u015faatlarla ile u\u011fra\u015fan ilk medeniyetlerden biridir. Muhtemelen asans\u00f6r\u00fc icat eden bir M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 idi. Piramitlerin in\u015faas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ta\u015f bloklar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir mekanizma insanlar\u00a0ve hayvanlar kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Suyun oldu\u011fu yerlerde mekanizman\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in su tekeri kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bilinen en eski asans\u00f6rle ilgili bilgiler Romal\u0131 mimar\u00a0Vitruvius’un milattan \u00f6nce 236 y\u0131l\u0131nda binalar\u0131 in\u015faa ederken\u00a0Ar\u015fimed’in tasarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 asans\u00f6r\u00fc kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu asans\u00f6rler devasa b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki ta\u015f bloklar\u0131 veya a\u011fa\u00e7 k\u00fct\u00fcklerini\u00a0\u00e7ekmek, kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7i\u011f insan g\u00fcc\u00fc\u00a0veya hayvanlar\u0131 kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ar\u015fimet Kutusu<\/h2>\n

Orta\u00e7a\u011fda Ar\u015fimet<\/a> a\u011f\u0131r nesneleri yukar\u0131 ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 asans\u00f6rlere ar\u015fimed kutusu ad\u0131 veriliyordu. Kral Louis XIV zaman\u0131nda, bu kutular insanlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mak \u00fczere yeniden tasarland\u0131.\u00a0Eski ve orta\u00e7a\u011f asans\u00f6rlerinin kald\u0131rma d\u00fczenekleri, makara ip sarmallar\u0131na dayal\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 ve tahrik sistemlerini kulland\u0131. Vidal\u0131 tahrik temelli bir sistemin ke\u015ffi belki de eski \u00e7a\u011flardan beri asans\u00f6r teknolojisinde en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m olmu\u015f ve modern yolcu asans\u00f6r\u00fc yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk\u00a0vidal\u0131 asans\u00f6r, Ivan Kulibin taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 1793 y\u0131l\u0131nda Winter Palace’a\u00a0yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra, Kulibin’in asans\u00f6rlerinden bir tanesi Moskova yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki Arkhangelskoye’ye kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Yama\u00e7lardan k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve kereste gibi\u00a0hammaddelerin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 Asans\u00f6rlerin geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Geli\u015ftirilen teknoloji ve \u00e7elik kiri\u015f konstr\u00fcksiyonunun devreye girmesi bug\u00fcn kullan\u0131lan yolcu ve y\u00fck asans\u00f6rlerini\u00a0ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6m\u00fcr madenlerinden ba\u015flayarak, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131na kadar asans\u00f6rler buhar g\u00fcc\u00fc ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6nceleri sadece y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan\u00a0buhar tahrikli asans\u00f6rler\u00a0farkl\u0131\u00a0ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in uygulanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. 1823’te Londra’daki Burton ve Hormer’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan iki mimar, “y\u00fckselen oda” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yeni bir turistik mekan kurdu ve i\u015flettiler. Londra \u015fehir merkezinde \u00f6nemli bir y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kadar \u00e7\u0131kan ve m\u00fc\u015fterilerin\u00a0\u015fehir merkezinin panoramik manzaras\u0131n\u0131\u00a0seyretmesine imkan veriyordu.<\/p>\n

1835 y\u0131l\u0131nda “Teagle” adl\u0131 yenilik\u00e7i bir asans\u00f6r, \u0130ngiltere’de Frost ve Stutt \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi. Asans\u00f6r kemerli ve ekstra g\u00fc\u00e7 i\u00e7in bir kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hidrolik Vin\u00e7<\/h2>\n

Hidrolik vin\u00e7 1846 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sir William Armstrong<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi.\u00a0Tyneside r\u0131ht\u0131mlar\u0131nda kargo y\u00fcklemesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Hidrolik sistem, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede buhar tahrikli asans\u00f6rlerin yerini ald\u0131. Blaise Pascal<\/strong><\/a>‘\u0131n kanunlar\u0131ndan istifade ederek, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7 sa\u011flad\u0131lar. Bir su pompas\u0131, platformun seviyesinin (a\u011f\u0131r bir y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yan) y\u00fckseltilmesi ve indirilmesi i\u00e7in dikey bir silindirin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir pistona de\u011fi\u015fken bir su bas\u0131nc\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Cihaz\u0131n kald\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar ve balanslar da kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

New York’taki Henry Waterman, 1850’de bir asans\u00f6r i\u00e7in “standing rope control” sistemini icat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1845’de Napoliten mimar Gaetano Genovese, Caserta Kraliyet Saray\u0131’na zaman\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde bir asans\u00f6r olan “U\u00e7an Sandalye” yi icat etti.<\/p>\n

Elisha Otis<\/h2>\n

1852’de , Elisha Otis asans\u00f6r kabinin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu halatlar kopsa bile kabinin d\u00fc\u015fmesini \u00f6nleyen emniyetli asans\u00f6r\u00fc tan\u0131tt\u0131. Otis emniyet asans\u00f6r\u00fc tasar\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde halen kullan\u0131lan bir asans\u00f6r tipine benzemektedir.\u00a0Bir reg\u00fclat\u00f6r, t\u0131rt\u0131kl\u0131\u00a0merdane (ler) e tak\u0131l\u0131r ve asans\u00f6r a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 h\u0131zla inerse, asans\u00f6r\u00fc k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131na kilitler. 1854’te Elisha Otis Crystal Palace’daki New York fuar\u0131nda, asans\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131\u00a0ve \u00f6l\u00fcme meydan okuyan bir sunumla g\u00f6sterdi ve ilk insan\u00a0asans\u00f6r\u00fc 23 Mart 1857’de New York’taki 488 Broadway\u00a0adresindeki bir binaya kuruldu.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk asans\u00f6r bo\u015flu\u011fu<\/strong>, 1853 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan New York’taki Peter Cooper Cooper Birli\u011fi Vakf\u0131 in\u015faat\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Asans\u00f6r bo\u015flu\u011fu ilk g\u00fcvenli asans\u00f6rden d\u00f6rt y\u0131l \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0Cooper, g\u00fcvenli bir yolcu asans\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yak\u0131nda ke\u015ffedilece\u011fine emin\u00a0oldu\u011fundan, projeye\u00a0bir asans\u00f6r bo\u015flu\u011funu\u00a0dahil etmi\u015ftir.\u00a0Daha sonra Otis, bina i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir asans\u00f6r tasarlad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn, United Technologies Corporation’\u0131n yan kurulu\u015fu olan Otis Elevator Company<\/strong>, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck asans\u00f6r ve dikey ta\u015f\u0131ma sistemleri \u00fcreticisidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Asans\u00f6r insanlar\u0131 veya e\u015fyalar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan\u00a0yukar\u0131ya, yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131maya yarayan, katlar aras\u0131nda duran ve hareket eden , genellikle elektrik motorlu hidrolik ve mekanik bir ta\u015f\u0131ma aletidir. Asans\u00f6r icat edildikten sonra \u00e7ok…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7987,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[314,2927,2929,2928,2926],"class_list":["post-5931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ev","tag-asansor","tag-elisha-otis","tag-otis","tag-vinc","tag-william-armstrong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5931"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5931"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5931\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12035,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5931\/revisions\/12035"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}