{"id":6304,"date":"2016-12-01T03:37:49","date_gmt":"2016-12-01T01:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=6304"},"modified":"2016-12-24T05:31:24","modified_gmt":"2016-12-24T03:31:24","slug":"potasyumu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=6304","title":{"rendered":"Potasyum&#8217;u kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Potasyum<\/b>, Simgesi <b>K<\/b>\u00a0ve atom numaras\u0131 19 olan bir kimyasal elementtir. Potasyum ad\u0131n\u0131 izole edildi\u011fi Potas olarak da bilinen potasyum karbonattan alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Potasyum yumu\u015fak, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f-beyaz renkli alkali bir metaldir. Do\u011fada deniz suyunda ve pek \u00e7ok mineralde di\u011fer elementlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bulunur. Havada h\u0131zla oksitlenir ve suya kar\u015f\u0131 da \u00e7ok aktiftir. Potasyumun pek \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan sodyuma kimyasal olarak benzese de ya\u015fayan organizmalarda, \u00f6zellikle de hayvan h\u00fccrelerinde, sodyumdan farkl\u0131 muamele g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Kandaki seviyesinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131na hipokalemi, y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131na hiperkalemi denir.<\/p>\n<h2>Sir Humphrey Davy<\/h2>\n<p>Potasyum 1807 y\u0131l\u0131nda <strong>Sir Humphrey Davy<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan kostik (KOH) potastan elde edilmi\u015ftir. Potasyum elektroliz y\u00f6ntemiyle elde edilen ilk metaldir.<\/p>\n<p><b>Humphry Davy<\/b> 17 Aral\u0131k 1778\u00a0&#8211; 29 May\u0131s 1829 tarihleri aras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f\u00a0\u0130ngiliz kimyager, fizik\u00e7i ve mucittir.\u00a0Bile\u015fikleri elektrik enerjisiyle ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve elementleri saf olarak elde etmi\u015ftir.\u00a01807&#8217;de s\u0131rayla; erimi\u015f k\u00fclden elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7irerek\u00a0\u00f6nce <strong>potasyum <\/strong>ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi elementi, sonra da sodadan sodyum elementini ay\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131 ertesi y\u0131l da baryum, stronsiyum ve kalsiyumu buldu.<\/p>\n<h2>Potasyum&#8217;un \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Potasyum beslenmede vucuttaki s\u0131v\u0131 ve elektrolit dengesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahip bir mineraldir.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131ndaki potasyum eksikli\u011fi ishal ve kusmaya yol a\u00e7ar, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olabilir (hypokalemia). Potasyum eksikli\u011fi sonucu kas g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kalp at\u0131\u015f\u0131 anormallikleri ve dola\u015f\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu, refleks yava\u015flamas\u0131 ve nefes almada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck, halsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/li>\n<li>Yeterli miktarda potasyum alman\u0131n en iyi yolu de\u011fi\u015fik t\u00fcrde yemekler yemektir. D\u00fczenli beslenen insanlar genelde potasyum katk\u0131s\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duymazlar.<\/li>\n<li>Potasyumca zengin besin maddeleri; Lahana, brokoli, paz\u0131 gibi ye\u015fil yaprakl\u0131 sebzeler, zeytin, bal\u0131k, portakal suyu, patates, muz, hurma, incir, avokado, kay\u0131s\u0131, badem, f\u0131nd\u0131k ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleridir.<\/li>\n<li>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar y\u00fcksek potasyum i\u00e7eren besinlerle beslenmenin hipertansiyon riskini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcnl\u00fck potasyum t\u00fcketim miktar\u0131 yeti\u015fkinler i\u00e7in 2000\u20133000\u00a0mg aras\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Potasyum, ayr\u0131ca hayvanlarda kas kas\u0131lmas\u0131 ve sinir ak\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6nderimi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Potasyum&#8217;un \u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n<p>Potasyum b\u0131\u00e7akla kesilebilecek kadar yumu\u015fakt\u0131r. Taze kesilen potasyumun parlak y\u00fczeyi havayla temas etti\u011finde matla\u015f\u0131r. Potasyum, metal oksit olu\u015fumu ve hidroksit korozyonunun \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in havas\u0131z ortamlarda saklanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle potasyum \u00f6rnekleri genelde kerosen gibi indirgen ortamlarda depolan\u0131r. Potasyum, di\u011fer alkali metaller gibi su ile \u015fiddetli reaksiyona girip hidrojen gaz\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Potasyumun su ile reaksyionu lityum ve sodyumun su ile reaksiyonundan daha da \u015fiddetlidir, \u00f6yle ki bu reaksiyondan a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131 hidrojen gaz\u0131n\u0131n yanmas\u0131na yetecek kadar \u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Potasyum, Simgesi K\u00a0ve atom numaras\u0131 19 olan bir kimyasal elementtir. Potasyum ad\u0131n\u0131 izole edildi\u011fi Potas olarak da bilinen potasyum karbonattan alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Potasyum yumu\u015fak, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f-beyaz renkli alkali bir metaldir. Do\u011fada deniz&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[2672],"class_list":["post-6304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-potasyum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6304"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6304"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6305,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6304\/revisions\/6305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}