\u0130lk bal\u0131k \u00e7iftli\u011fi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 5 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00c7in’de kuruldu. Nehirlerde yakalanan sazan ve kefal bal\u0131klar\u0131, yapay havuzlara canl\u0131 olarak getirildi ve buralarda \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131ld\u0131. Avrupa’da bal\u0131k \u00e7iftlikleri, ilk kez Romal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kuruldu. Orta\u00e7a\u011f’a gelinceye de\u011fin, Avrupa’da bu \u00e7iftlikler \u00e7ok yayg\u0131nla\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Orta\u00e7a\u011f’la birlikte \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck manast\u0131rlar\u0131n y\u00f6relerinde besin gereksinimini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in bal\u0131k \u00fcretimi ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Avrupa’da yeni a\u00e7\u0131lan yollar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla deniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131m kolayla\u015ft\u0131 ve insanlar bal\u0131k gereksinimlerini denizden kar\u015f\u0131lamaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bunun \u00fczerine bal\u0131k \u00e7iftliklerine duyulan ilgi, yeniden azald\u0131.<\/p>\n
1960’l\u0131 ve 1970’li y\u0131llarda denizlerdeki bal\u0131k yataklar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen azalma, taze bal\u0131k fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. B\u00f6ylece, Avrupa ve Amerika’da bal\u0131k \u00e7iftlikleri yeniden g\u00fcndeme geldi. Bug\u00fcn, Bat\u0131 Avrupa’da ve \u0130ngiltere’deki bal\u0131k \u00e7iftliklerinde y\u0131lda 100 bin ton bal\u0131k \u00fcretilir. Bu rakam, t\u00fcketimin yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde birini kar\u015f\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsanlar\u0131n en eski \u00e7a\u011flardan bu yana bal\u0131k avlad\u0131klar\u0131 bilinmektedir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 5 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinden kalma, kemikten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bug\u00fcn kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rneklerine benzeyen i\u011fneler bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
\u00c7inliler M\u00d6 3000 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, tuzlu su doldurulmu\u015f havuzlarda kefal \u00fcretiyorlard\u0131. Eski Romal\u0131lar da havuz ve akvaryumlarda sazan ve tatl\u0131 su kefali yeti\u015ftiriyorlard\u0131.<\/span>\u00a0Bu y\u00f6ntemlerle bal\u0131k yeti\u015ftirme orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sonlar\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, ama bu tarihlerde terk edildi. Ancak 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, Frans\u0131z h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bal\u0131k \u00fcretimini ba\u015flatmas\u0131yla yeniden g\u00fcndeme geldi.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde, sofrada t\u00fcketilmek \u00fczere b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta bal\u0131k \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Havuzlarda en \u00e7ok sazan, alabal\u0131k ve sombal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretilir. Havuzlarda ayr\u0131ca soyu azalan bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri de yeti\u015ftirilmektedir. Tatl\u0131 su bal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretiminde iki ayr\u0131 y\u00f6ntem uygulan\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin sazan, besinini sudaki do\u011fal ortamdan sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6letlerde \u00fcretilir. Alabal\u0131k \u00fcretiminde, dar ve uzun ya da yuvarlak bir havuzdaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir alanda \u00e7ok bal\u0131k bir arada tutularak daha iyi sonu\u00e7 al\u0131n\u0131r. Ama bu havuzlarda bal\u0131klar\u0131n yemle beslenmesi ve gerekli oksijeni sa\u011flayabilmek i\u00e7inde suyun belirli aral\u0131klarla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekir. Ba\u015fta Japonya olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerde tuzlu su bal\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in denizlerde de \u00fcretim \u00e7iftlikleri kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n \u0130stiridye, midye ve pavurya gibi \u00f6b\u00fcr deniz hayvanlar\u0131 da baz\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131 sular\u0131nda yeti\u015ftirilmektedir. Do\u011fal yolla \u00fcremi\u015f larvalar ya da deniz \u00fcretim \u00e7iftli\u011finde yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f yavrular, uygun ko\u015fullara sahip bir ortama b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011falabilir. Baz\u0131 Uzakdo\u011fu \u00fclkelerindeki deniz \u00e7iftliklerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta teke ve karides \u00fcretilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130lk bal\u0131k \u00e7iftli\u011fi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden 5 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00c7in’de kuruldu. Nehirlerde yakalanan sazan ve kefal bal\u0131klar\u0131, yapay havuzlara canl\u0131 olarak getirildi ve buralarda \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131ld\u0131. Avrupa’da bal\u0131k \u00e7iftlikleri, ilk kez Romal\u0131lar…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[368,1112],"class_list":["post-659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarim","tag-balik-ciftligi","tag-ciftlik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/659"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=659"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/659\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7653,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/659\/revisions\/7653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}