{"id":7733,"date":"2016-12-27T16:38:56","date_gmt":"2016-12-27T14:38:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=7733"},"modified":"2018-02-25T02:26:46","modified_gmt":"2018-02-25T00:26:46","slug":"charles-francis-jenkins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=7733","title":{"rendered":"Charles Francis Jenkins kimdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Charles Francis Jenkins<\/strong> (22 A\u011fustos 1867 – 6 Haziran 1934), Amerika’da sineman\u0131n ve televizyonun \u00f6nc\u00fc mucitlerinden birisidir. Televizyonun icad\u0131na<\/strong> ve sinemaya b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Televizyon ve sinemada\u00a0elektronik teknolojiler yerine mekanik kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Charles Jenkins Laboratuvarlar\u0131<\/strong> ve Jenkins Television Corporation<\/strong> \u015firketlerine 1928’de Amerika’daki ilk ticari televizyon lisans\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Jenkins hareketli resim ve televizyonla ilgili icatlar\u0131 i\u00e7in 400’den fazla patent alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Jenkins, Dayton Ohio’da do\u011fdu, Indiana’n\u0131n Richmond kentinde b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc ve okula gitti. 1890 y\u0131l\u0131nda Washington’a gitti, Bliss Electrical School’<\/strong>dan mezun oldu.\u00a0<\/strong>Mezun olduktan sonra\u00a0bir s\u00fcre\u00a0stenograf olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sinema Alan\u0131ndaki \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/h2>\n

1891’de sinema filmleri ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapmaya\u00a0ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130\u015finden ayr\u0131ld\u0131 ve kendisine ait film projekt\u00f6r\u00fc Phantoscope<\/strong>‘un geli\u015ftirmeye konsantre oldu.<\/p>\n

Jenkins, \u00a0iki y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 “hareketli resim projeksiyon kutusu<\/em>” projesini ailesine, arkada\u015flar\u0131na ve gazetecilere g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in Richmond’a geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. \u00a0Richmond’un merkezinde\u00a0bulunan Jenkins’in kuzeninin kuyumcu d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131nda topland\u0131lar ve filmi izlediler. Bu izleyici kitlesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6sterilen\u00a0ilk film olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Film, Jenkins’in Washington’daki evinin arka bah\u00e7esinde \u00e7ekti\u011fi bir kelebek dans\u0131 yapan bir dans\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleriydi. Bu, yaln\u0131zca bir izleyici \u00f6n\u00fcnde elektrikli\u00a0bir makina ile makaral\u0131 filmin ilk g\u00f6sterimi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ilk renkli film oluyordu. Filmin her bir karesi\u00a0\u00f6zenle ve elle renklendirilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Washington, D.C.’daki Bliss Electrical School<\/strong>‘da s\u0131n\u0131f arkada\u015f\u0131 Thomas Armat<\/strong> ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve birlikte bir projekt\u00f6r tasar\u0131m\u0131 geli\u015ftirdiler. Bu fil g\u00f6sterme makinesi ile 1895’de Atlanta’daki Cotton States and International Exposition fuar\u0131nda halka a\u00e7\u0131k\u00a0bir g\u00f6sterim yapt\u0131lar.\u00a0Jenkins ve Armat’\u0131n bu modifiye edilmi\u015f Phantoscope’a 20 Temmuz 1897’de patent ald\u0131lar. Daha sonra arkada\u015f\u0131 ile patent ile ilgili\u00a0anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.\u00a0 Jenkins sonunda projekt\u00f6rle ilgili patent haklar\u0131n\u0131 Armat’a satt\u0131. Armat, projenin tek sahibi olmu\u015ftu. Bir s\u00fcre sonra o da \u00a0Thomas Edison<\/strong><\/a>‘a haklar\u0131n\u0131 satt\u0131. Edison<\/a> cihaz \u00fczerinde geli\u015ftirmeler yaparak Vitascope ad\u0131yla sinema salonlar\u0131na\u00a0pazarlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Vitascope<\/strong> projekt\u00f6r\u00fc ile birlikte sinema salonlar\u0131na paral\u0131 bilet sat\u0131lan film g\u00f6sterimleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Jenkins 1902’de Grace Love ile evlendi.<\/p>\n

Televizyon’un \u0130cad\u0131na Katk\u0131lar\u0131<\/h2>\n

Jenkins televizyon\u00a0<\/a>ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flad\u0131. 1913’de “Hareketli Resimlerin Kablosuz \u0130letilmesi<\/em>” konulu bir makale yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Ancak Aral\u0131k 1923’e kadar i\u00e7in hareketli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri iletme konusunda\u00a0bir ba\u015far\u0131 elde edemedi.\u00a013 Haziran 1925’te televizyonunu kamuya duyurdu. Projesi\u00a0resimleri ve sesleri e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak senkronize bir \u015fekilde iletebiliyordu. 30 Haziran 1925’te (ABD Patent No: 1,544.156) Kablosuz Resim\u00a0\u0130letim Sistemi<\/strong>‘ne patent verildi. Bu ilk mekanik televizyondu.<\/p>\n

Onun ve bir di\u011fer mucit John Logie Baird<\/strong><\/a>‘in mekanik teknolojileri daha sonra Vladimir Zworykin<\/strong> ve Philo Farnsworth<\/strong><\/a> taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen elektronik televizyonlar\u00a0i\u00e7in \u00f6nc\u00fc oldu.<\/p>\n

1928’de Jenkins Television Corporation, W3XK ad\u0131yla ABD’de ilk televizyon yay\u0131n\u0131 istasyonunu a\u00e7t\u0131. \u0130lk yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 2 Temmuzda yapt\u0131. Washington’daki Jenkins Labs’tan Wheaton, Maryland’de haftan\u0131n be\u015f gecesi yay\u0131n yapt\u0131.1929 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yay\u0131nlar devam etti. \u0130lk \u00f6nceleri, istasyon d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck\u00a0bant geni\u015fli\u011fi nedeniyle siluet g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri g\u00f6nderebildi.\u00a0K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede sorunlar d\u00fczeltildi ve ger\u00e7ek siyah-beyaz g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler iletilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mart 1932’de Jenkins Television Corporation kapand\u0131 ve tasfiye edildi. \u015eirketin b\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131klar\u0131 Lee DeForest Radio Corporation taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131. Bir ka\u00e7 ay sonra DeForest \u015firketi de iflas etti. Varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n alan RCA \u015firketi elektromekanik televizyonla ilgili yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 durdurdu.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015far\u0131lar, \u00f6d\u00fcller<\/h2>\n

Jenkins, 1897’de bilimsel ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131\u00a0prestijli Elliott Cresson Alt\u0131n Madalyas\u0131n\u0131 ve 1913’de Franklin Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve Bilim M\u00fczesi – Philadelphia taraf\u0131ndan Scott Madalyas\u0131’ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Hareketli G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc M\u00fchendisleri Derne\u011fi’nin (televizyon, SMPTE) kurucusu ve ilk ba\u015fkan\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Jenkins, Vision Vision By Radio, Radio Photographs, Radio Photograms<\/i>\u00a0ve\u00a0The Boyhood of an Inventor<\/i>\u00a0kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131. \u00c7e\u015fitli ulusal dergilerde yay\u0131nlanan ve icatlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatan bir\u00e7ok makale yazd\u0131.
\nEarlham College, Richmond, Indiana, okullar\u0131 bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan solay\u0131 fahri doktora \u00fcnvan\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences yada bilinen ad\u0131yla Emmy \u00d6d\u00fclleri<\/strong>, Jenkins’in televizyon end\u00fcstrisine katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 anmak ad\u0131na en prestijli \u00f6d\u00fcllerden birini onun ad\u0131na vermektedir. Bulundu\u011fu zaman\u0131nda televizyon teknolojisi ve m\u00fchendislik alanlar\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir ki\u015fiye Charles F. Jenkins Ya\u015fam Boyu Ba\u015far\u0131 \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc<\/em>‘n\u00fc verilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Jenkins<\/strong>, 2011\u00a0y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerikan\u0131n En b\u00fcy\u00fck Mucitleri aras\u0131na dahil edildi.\u00a0Charles Francis Jenkins Washington’da 66 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fc, D.C. Rock Creek Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda defnedildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Charles Francis Jenkins (22 A\u011fustos 1867 – 6 Haziran 1934), Amerika’da sineman\u0131n ve televizyonun \u00f6nc\u00fc mucitlerinden birisidir. Televizyonun icad\u0131na ve sinemaya b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Televizyon ve sinemada\u00a0elektronik teknolojiler yerine mekanik…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7734,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2369,1],"tags":[655],"class_list":["post-7733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mucitler","category-teknoloji","tag-televizyon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7733"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7733"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7733\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9982,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7733\/revisions\/9982"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}