{"id":8011,"date":"2017-01-03T23:19:50","date_gmt":"2017-01-03T21:19:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8011"},"modified":"2018-01-08T23:04:00","modified_gmt":"2018-01-08T21:04:00","slug":"vikipedi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8011","title":{"rendered":"Vikipedi’yi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Wikipedia, (vikipedi) resmi olarak 15 Ocak 2001’de, alan ad\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0Jimmy Wales<\/strong> ve Larry Sanger<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan tescil edilmesinden iki g\u00fcn sonra resmi olarak ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Teknolojik ve kavramsal temelleri ise \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nceye dayanmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Bir \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ansiklopedi i\u00e7in biline en erken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, 1993’te Rick Gates<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Ancak \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve \u00fccretsiz\u00a0bir internet <\/a>ansiklopedisi kavram\u0131 Richard Stallman<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan Aral\u0131k 2000’de ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0Stallman’\u0131n ansiklopedi konsepti, hi\u00e7bir merkezi organizasyonun d\u00fczenlemeyi kontrol etmemesi ve tamamen \u00f6zg\u00fcr olmas\u0131 fikrine\u00a0dayan\u0131yordu. Bu \u00f6zellik, Microsoft Encarta, Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica ve Wikipedia gibi ansiklopedilerin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc olan Bomis’s Nupedia<\/strong> gibi \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f dijital ansiklopedilerin tam tersiydi.<\/p>\n

2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nupedia’n\u0131n ticari olan lisans\u0131 \u00fccretsiz\u00a0olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi ve Wales\u00a0ve Sanger, 1995’te Ward Cunningham<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131lan bir wiki<\/strong> konseptini ve teknolojisini kullanarak Wikipedia<\/strong>‘\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Wikipedia, uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir ansiklopedi projesi olan Nupedia’n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ek taslak, makale ve fikirler sunmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131. Wikipedia h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, birden fazla dilde, k\u00fcresel bir proje haline geldi.\u00a0Di\u011fer \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i referans projelerinden ilham alarak ba\u015flat\u0131lan Nupedia’n\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Wikipedia (Vikipedi) kim kurdu, kurucusu kim<\/h2>\n

Nupedia’n\u0131n kurulu\u015fundan sonra viki tarz\u0131 bir siteye \u00e7evrilmesi fikri ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131. Fakat edit\u00f6rler ve yorumcular bu fikre s\u0131cak bakmad\u0131lar.\u00a0Larry Sanger\u00a0<\/strong>Nupedia’dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bir online ansiklopedi fikrini ortaya att\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Nupedia eski konseptinde devam edebilecekti.\u00a0Wikipedia 15 Ocak 2001 Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc wikipedia.com’da yay\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Daha \u00f6nceki projeler destek veren Bomis<\/strong> \u015firketi kurucusu Tim Shell<\/strong> ve programc\u0131 Jason Richey<\/strong>, Wikipedia’ya da hem altyap\u0131 hemde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan deste\u011fi verdi.<\/p>\n

16 Ocak 2001 de\u00a0Jimmy Wales<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0vikipedi’nin ilk i\u00e7eri\u011fi olan “Hello World” (merhaba d\u00fcnya) mesaj\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131.\u00a017 Ocak’ta Nupedia’ya gelen maillerde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fclerin i\u00e7erik olu\u015fturma giri\u015fimleri ve istekleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0Temmuz 2001’de Projeden Slashdot web sitesinde bahsedildikten sonra site bir\u00e7ok yeni kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 ald\u0131. K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede her g\u00fcn y\u00fczlerce yeni ziyaret\u00e7i yaln\u0131zca Google <\/a>aramalar\u0131ndan gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u00a0ve b\u00f6ylece Google’dan s\u00fcrekli bir trafik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.\u00a020 Eyl\u00fcl 2001 de\u00a0New York Times’da Wikipedia haber olarak yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Geli\u015fimi, Di\u011fer Dillerde Wikipedia<\/h2>\n

Vikipedi<\/strong> geli\u015fiminin ba\u015flar\u0131nda, diller i\u00e7in alt alan adlar\u0131 olu\u015fturarak\u00a0uluslararas\u0131 alanda geni\u015flemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 16 Mart 2001’de \u0130ngilizce’den farkl\u0131 bir dil\u00a0i\u00e7in yarat\u0131lan ilk alt alan ad\u0131 deutsche.wikipedia.com’du. \u00a0catalan.wikipedia.com birka\u00e7 saat sonra a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0nihongo.wikipedia.com olarak ba\u015flayan Japon Vikipedi, o d\u00f6nemlerde yarat\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0Katalanca, \u0130ngilizce’den sonra\u00a0en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan dil oldu.<\/p>\n

11 May\u0131s 2001’de Frans\u0131zca Wikipedia, daha sonra \u00c7ince, Hollandaca, Esperanto, \u0130branice, \u0130talyanca, Portekizce, Rus\u00e7a, \u0130spanyolca ve \u0130sve\u00e7\u00e7e de bulunan yeni dil s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri dalgas\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu dillere k\u0131sa zamanda\u00a0Arap\u00e7a ve Macarca da kat\u0131ld\u0131. Y\u0131l sonunda Afrikaans, Norve\u00e7 ve S\u0131rp\u00e7a s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri ilan edildi.<\/p>\n

Ocak 2002’de t\u00fcm Wikipedia makalelerinin% 90’\u0131 \u0130ngilizce idi. Ocak 2004’e kadar ansiklopedi uluslararas\u0131 dillerle %50 b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla, t\u00fcm Wikipedia makalelerinin yakla\u015f\u0131k % 85,5’i \u0130ngilizce d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki Wikipedia s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinde yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131l\u0131k ve\u00a0Citizendium Projesi<\/h2>\n

Wales ile Sanger aralar\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle ansiklopedinin denetimsizli\u011fi, k\u00f6t\u00fc ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 editor yaz\u0131lar\u0131 gibi konularda anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Mart 2002’de, Bomis taraf\u0131ndan finansman\u0131n geri \u00e7ekilmesinin ard\u0131ndan, Larry Sanger hem Nupedia hem de Wikipedia’dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131. daha denetimli bir ansiklopedi olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ansiklopedi projesi olan Citizendium<\/strong>‘u ba\u015flatt\u0131.\u00a0\u0130\u00e7eri\u011finin do\u011frulu\u011funu art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in edit\u00f6rlere \u00a0“uzmanl\u0131k” kriterini koydu.<\/p>\n

Jimmy Wales, Vikipedi’nin edit\u00f6rler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kendi kendini y\u00f6netmesi ilkesini devam ettirdi.\u00a02007 itibar\u0131yla, Wales, ciddi konularda ara s\u0131ra yaz\u0131 yazmak, y\u00fcr\u00fctme faaliyetleri, bilginin savunuculu\u011fu ve benzer referans projelerin te\u015fviki rol\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlendi.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer Bilgiler<\/h2>\n

Alexa’ya\u00a0g\u00f6re Wikipedia, genel ziyaret\u00e7i trafi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00e7ok ziyaret edilen alt\u0131nc\u0131 alt\u0131 web sitesi. Wikipedia’n\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki toplam ayl\u0131k okur kitlesi yakla\u015f\u0131k 495 milyon. D\u00fcnya genelinde A\u011fustos 2015’te WMF Labs taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klanan verilere g\u00f6re, bir ayda 18 milyar sayfa g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesi yapt\u0131. ComScore’a g\u00f6re Wikipedia, yaln\u0131zca Amerika<\/a> Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nden 117 milyon ayl\u0131k tekil ziyaret\u00e7i ald\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Wikipedia, (vikipedi) resmi olarak 15 Ocak 2001’de, alan ad\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0Jimmy Wales ve Larry Sanger taraf\u0131ndan tescil edilmesinden iki g\u00fcn sonra resmi olarak ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Teknolojik ve kavramsal temelleri ise \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nceye…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8012,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[2935,2934,2938,2936,2937],"class_list":["post-8011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-internet","tag-jimmy-wales","tag-larry-sanger","tag-viki","tag-vikipedi","tag-wikipedia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8011"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8011"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8011\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8780,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8011\/revisions\/8780"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}