Sabah kalkar kalkmaz ilk nereye bak\u0131yoruz? Giyindikten sonra sa\u00e7\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tararken yada makyaj yaparken… \u0130\u015fte insanl\u0131k tarihinin en \u00f6nemli icatlar\u0131ndan biri ayna. Aynaya olan ihtiya\u00e7 ve bulunu\u015fu \u00e7ok eski zamanlara kadar gidiyor. \u00a0Yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt bin y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce, Ortado\u011fu ve \u0130talya’n\u0131n kuzeyide, yanarda\u011f lavlar\u0131n\u0131n parlak art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n cilalanmas\u0131yla, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc aksettiren ilk aynalar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemi ile ayna yapma tekni\u011fi ise, 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Venedik’te geli\u015ftirildi. Venedikliler, bir cam tabakas\u0131n\u0131n arka y\u00fczeyine c\u0131va s\u00fcrerek, ayna yapmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar ve o tarihten sonra bu cam par\u00e7as\u0131, \u00f6zellikle kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ellerinden d\u00fc\u015fmez oldu. As\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 odan\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulunan her \u015feyi yans\u0131tan d\u0131\u015fb\u00fckey aynalar, ilk kez 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Almanya’n\u0131n N\u00fcrnberg kentinde yap\u0131ld\u0131. Cam ustalar\u0131, \u00fcfleme y\u00f6ntemiyle cam k\u00fcreler olu\u015fturduktan sonra, bunlar\u0131 ortadan ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcyorlar, sonra da i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ince bir c\u0131va tabakas\u0131yla kaplayarak d\u0131\u015fb\u00fckey aynay\u0131 elde ediyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ayna yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemin temelleri ise, 1835 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Alman kimyageri Justus von Liebig taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fnitrat, \u00f6zel bir y\u00f6ntemle cama tatbik edildi\u011finde, i\u00e7indeki g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f cama yap\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve b\u00f6ylece son derece net g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc veren bir ayna elde ediliyordu. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fnitrat\u0131 cama s\u0131van\u0131rken ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, genellikle \u015feker ya da Rochelle tuzu kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcz aynalar:<\/strong> Bir cismin veya noktan\u0131n d\u00fcz bir aynada g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u015fekline \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc\u201d denir. D\u00fczlem aynada g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc, cismin tam simetri\u011fidir. Yani cisim ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn, aynaya uzakl\u0131klar\u0131 ve boylar\u0131 birbirine e\u015fittir. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ger\u00e7ek de\u011fildir, zahiridir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, aynan\u0131n i\u00e7inde imi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Zahiri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc bir ekran \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n K\u00fcresel aynalar:<\/strong> Yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fczeyi, k\u00fcre kapa\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde olan aynalard\u0131r. Yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fczey, k\u00fcre kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyi ise bu aynalara \u201c\u00e7ukur\u201d, \u201ckonkav\u201d veya \u201ci\u00e7 b\u00fckey\u201d aynalar denir. Yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fczey, k\u00fcre kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyi ise b\u00f6yle aynalara \u201ct\u00fcmsek\u201d, \u201ckonveks\u201d veya \u201cd\u0131\u015f b\u00fckey\u201d aynalar denir.<\/p>\n Parabolik aynalar:<\/strong> Yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fczeyleri parabolik olan aynalard\u0131r. Otomobil farlar\u0131ndaki aynalar birer parabolik aynad\u0131r. Di\u011fer ayna t\u00fcrleri aras\u0131nda silindirik aynalar\u0131 saymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu t\u00fcr aynalar ger\u00e7ek g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye benzemeyen acaib g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler verirler. Panay\u0131r yerlerinde ve fuarlarda e\u011flence maksad\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan bu tip aynalar, parabolik ve silindirik aynalar\u0131n bir araya getirilmesiyle elde edilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sabah kalkar kalkmaz ilk nereye bak\u0131yoruz? Giyindikten sonra sa\u00e7\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tararken yada makyaj yaparken… \u0130\u015fte insanl\u0131k tarihinin en \u00f6nemli icatlar\u0131ndan biri ayna. Aynaya olan ihtiya\u00e7 ve bulunu\u015fu \u00e7ok eski zamanlara kadar…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10178,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,16],"tags":[446],"class_list":["post-802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ev","category-moda","tag-ayna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/802"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=802"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/802\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10179,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/802\/revisions\/10179"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10178"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}