1894 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fan Oberth fizik ve matematik profes\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc. 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kitapta, bir roketin uzay\u0131n bo\u015fluklar\u0131nda dola\u015fabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermekle kalmam\u0131\u015f, ayr\u0131ca yeterli iti\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, roketin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7evresinde de d\u00f6nebilece\u011fini temellendirerek g\u00f6stermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Oberth, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctebilmek i\u00e7in, zaman\u0131n \u00f6nemli bilim adamlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir grup kurmu\u015f ve s\u00fcrekli i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde olmu\u015flard\u0131. Bu gruba 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda 18 ya\u015f\u0131nda olan Wernher von Braun da kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu grup temel ilkeleri saptamak \u00fczere, s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan roket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131. Yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6rnek model, Alman roket tarihi i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olmu\u015ftur. Yeni teknolojiye olan g\u00fcveni desteklemek \u00fczere, Oberth, Rudolf, Nobel ve Klaus Riedel bir araya gelerek deneylerini tam deney ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7inde tekrarlamak istediler. Bu i\u015f i\u00e7in zaman\u0131n standartlar enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ayar\u0131nda olan bir devlet kurumu se\u00e7ilmi\u015fti. Wernher von Braun ve Rolf Engel deneyin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fi ortam\u0131 ve ko\u015fullan fiziki olarak haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. Kurumun ba\u015fkam olan Dr. Ritter,23 Temmuz 1930 tarihinde roketin hi\u00e7 ar\u0131zas\u0131z 90 saniye s\u00fcreyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda 6 kg s\u0131v\u0131 oksijen, 1 kg benzin t\u00fcketti\u011fini ve kayda de\u011fer bir itme olu\u015fturdu\u011funu belirtmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Oberth\u2019in roket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan Nebel, ayn\u0131 grubun k\u0131saca Mirak olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yeni bir roket modeli \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdi. Nebel\u2019in bu \u00f6nerisi, grubun \u00f6teki \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan olumlu kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini k\u0131sa zamanda ald\u0131lar. \u0130lk Mirak, Riedel\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fckbabas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7iftli\u011finde denendi. Roketin orta k\u0131sm\u0131 silindir bi\u00e7imindeydi. \u0130\u00e7erde en alttd koni bi\u00e7iminde motor yer al\u0131yordu. Silindir bi\u00e7iminde olan b\u00f6l\u00fcmde s\u0131v\u0131 oksijen depolan\u0131yordu. Bu deponun \u00fcst\u00fcnde bas\u0131n\u00e7 kapak\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu burun bi\u00e7iminde bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 vard\u0131. Burnun yan\u0131nda i\u00e7inde yak\u0131t\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan metal bir boru bulunuyordu. Borunun en ucunda, yak\u0131t\u0131n yanma odas\u0131na girmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f karbondioksit bulunuyordu. S\u0131v\u0131 oksijen kendi geni\u015flemesinin bas\u0131nc\u0131yla besleniyordu.<\/p>\n
Berlin yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki bir alanda Mirak\u2019\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitleri denendi ve yeni ad\u0131mlar at\u0131ld\u0131. Bu yeni ad\u0131mlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemlilerinden biri Repulsor tipi roketlerin yap\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131. 1931 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Repulsor deneyleriyle 2 km\u2019nin \u00fcst\u00fcne kadar \u00e7\u0131kabildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1894 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fan Oberth fizik ve matematik profes\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc. 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kitapta, bir roketin uzay\u0131n bo\u015fluklar\u0131nda dola\u015fabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermekle kalmam\u0131\u015f, ayr\u0131ca yeterli iti\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, roketin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7evresinde de d\u00f6nebilece\u011fini…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[1470],"class_list":["post-8115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-roket"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8115"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8115"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8116,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8115\/revisions\/8116"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8115"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}