M\u00fczi\u011fin alfabesi notalar ile ilgili 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Seville Psikoposu, bir mektubunda \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 yazd\u0131: “E\u011fer m\u00fczik insan belle\u011finden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p giderse, tamamen kaybolur. Zira, onu yazmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.” Oysa, bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce Yunanl\u0131lar, notalar\u0131 k\u00e2\u011f\u0131da d\u00f6kmek i\u00e7in bir y\u00f6ntem bulmu\u015flard\u0131. Melodiyi, \u00e7izgi ve noktalar halinde yazabiliyorlard\u0131. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, bu m\u00fczik alfabesi zamanla kayboldu.<\/p>\n
M\u00fczikteki matematiksel gizemi ke\u015ffederek yaz\u0131ya d\u00f6kmenin ilk temeli Pisagor (Pythagoras, M.\u00d6. 530-450) taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O kendi devrine kadar geli\u015fmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 bir disiplin alt\u0131nda toplam\u0131\u015f, geometri, aritmetik, astronomi, co\u011frafya, m\u00fczik ve tabiat bilgisi olarak ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 bilim dallar\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Pisagor\u2019un m\u00fczi\u011fin i\u00e7indeki matemati\u011fi bir demirci d\u00fckkan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnden ge\u00e7erken ke\u015ffetti\u011fi rivayet edilir. Demirci ustas\u0131n\u0131n, demir d\u00f6verken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 aletlere g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fik sesler \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 Pisagor\u2019un ilgisini \u00e7ekmi\u015f, d\u00fckkan\u0131 kapatt\u0131rarak ustaya \u00e7e\u015fitli aletler kulland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0131kan sesleri incelemi\u015f ve kay\u0131tlar alm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
Bat\u0131 m\u00fczi\u011fi 9. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na kadar notalamadan habersizdi. Eserler kulak yoluyla ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131l\u0131yor, bu arada de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011fruyor, zamanla unutulabiliyordu. 9. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ilk notalama sistemi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Arezzo\u2019lu Guido\u2019nun (Gui d\u2019Arezzo) notalama sisteminin seslerin y\u00fcksekli\u011fini kesin olarak belirtmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilerleme kaydedildi. 11. y\u00fczy\u0131lda notalar\u0131n \u00fczerine dizildi\u011fi be\u015f \u00e7izgiden olu\u015fan \u201cporte\u201dnin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla notalar\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fi (do, re, mi,\u2026.) ve s\u00fcresi (birlik, ikilik, d\u00f6rtl\u00fck,\u2026.) kesin bi\u00e7imde belirlenebilir hale geldi.<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda m\u00fczi\u011fin d\u00f6rt parametresi vard\u0131r: Y\u00fckseklik, s\u00fcre, \u015fiddet ve t\u0131n\u0131. Bunlardan ilk ikisi zamanla genel kabul g\u00f6ren bir tak\u0131m i\u015faretler sayesinde ka\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerine d\u00f6k\u00fclebilmi\u015f, \u015fiddet ve t\u0131n\u0131 ise notan\u0131n yan\u0131nda ek kelimelerle belirtilmi\u015fler ve k\u0131smen de yoruma a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00c7e\u015fitli sesleri belirtmek ve bunlar\u0131n birbirlerine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in sesleri temsil eden notalara \u00f6zel isimler verildi. Do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si. \u0130ngilizce\u2019de ve Almanca\u2019da ise notalar harflerle g\u00f6sterildi(C=do, D=re, E=mi, F=fa, G=sol, A=la, B=si-ing.-, H=si-alm.-).<\/p>\n
Nota isimlerinden \u2018do\u2019nun \u00f6nceki ismi \u2018ut\u2019 idi. Sesli harfle ba\u015flayan bu isim, notalar\u0131 s\u0131rayla s\u00f6ylerken tutukluk yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 12. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u2018do\u2019 olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. Almanya ve baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde \u2018ut\u2019 hala kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u2018Si\u2019 hari\u00e7 di\u011fer notalar\u0131n isim babas\u0131 Gui d\u2019Arezzo\u2019dur. Arezzo bu adlar\u0131 Aziz lohannes Battista ilahesindeki m\u0131sralar\u0131n birinci hecelerinden alarak takm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yedinci notan\u0131n ad\u0131 uzun zaman \u2018B\u2019 olarak kalm\u0131\u015f, sonradan 13. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Sanete lohannes kelimelerinin ba\u015f harflerinden meydana gelen \u2019si\u2019 ad\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Notalaman\u0131n ke\u015ffi ve geli\u015fimi m\u00fczik prati\u011fine ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir geli\u015fme ortam\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Notalama, icrac\u0131y\u0131 ezberden kurtararak hem m\u00fczik par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n uzamas\u0131na hem de \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlere ve \u00fclkelere ait notalanm\u0131\u015f eserlerin kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla repertuar\u0131n zenginle\u015fmesine ve \u00e7e\u015fitlenmesine imkan vermi\u015ftir. Nota sayesinde bir m\u00fczisyen bilmedi\u011fi bir m\u00fczik par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 icra edebilmek i\u00e7in tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli bir hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Ancak, bu sistemde, m\u00fczi\u011fin ritmi verilemiyordu. 1200 y\u0131l\u0131nda Polonyal\u0131 Franco, “\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir M\u00fczik Sanat\u0131” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir nota sistemini anlatt\u0131. Daha sonra kaydedilen geli\u015fmelerle, bug\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z nota alfabesi insanl\u0131\u011fa kazand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u00fczi\u011fin alfabesi notalar ile ilgili 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Seville Psikoposu, bir mektubunda \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 yazd\u0131: “E\u011fer m\u00fczik insan belle\u011finden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p giderse, tamamen kaybolur. Zira, onu yazmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.” Oysa, bin y\u0131l…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[904,1019,452,619],"class_list":["post-812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eglence","tag-muzik","tag-muzik-aleti","tag-nota","tag-notanin-icadi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/812"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=812"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11311,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/812\/revisions\/11311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}