{"id":8202,"date":"2016-01-06T23:32:49","date_gmt":"2016-01-06T21:32:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8202"},"modified":"2017-01-06T23:34:02","modified_gmt":"2017-01-06T21:34:02","slug":"asteroitleri-kim-kesfetti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8202","title":{"rendered":"Asteroitleri kim ke\u015ffetti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>1801 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131 gecesi, Palermo g\u00f6zlemevi y\u00f6neticisi <strong>Giuseppe Piazzi<\/strong>, tutulum yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n katalogunu tamamlamak i\u00e7in, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bir b\u00f6lgeyi incelemekteydi. Bu katalog, Bode dizisi i\u00e7inde 2,8\u2019lik uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan gezegeni arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturacakt\u0131. O gece Piazzi, olduk\u00e7a parlak olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k daha \u00f6nceki kataloglarda bulunmayan bir cisim g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Konumunu kesinlikle kaydetti ve ertesi gece koordinatlar\u0131 daha do\u011fru hesaplayabilmek amac\u0131yla cisme yeniden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, hareket etmi\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00f6zkonusu g\u00f6kcisminin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 saptad\u0131ktan sonra, bunun Mars ve J\u00fcpiter aras\u0131ndaki eksik gezegen oldu\u011fundan ku\u015fkusu kalmad\u0131. Yeni cisme, Sicilya\u2019n\u0131n koruyucu tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olan Ceres\u2019in ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<br \/>\nYeni gezegen, ad\u0131n\u0131n verilmesinden k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra g\u00fcne\u015fin arkas\u0131na ge\u00e7ti ve g\u00f6zden kayboldu. Pi- azzi\u2019nin g\u00f6zlemleri cismin 2,8\u2019e uygun (ona \u00e7ok yak\u0131n) bir y\u00f6r\u00fcnge i\u00e7inde hareket etti\u011fini do\u011fruluyordu ama, o zamanki matematik y\u00f6ntemleri, y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin tam bi\u00e7imini hesaplamaya elvermiyordu. Tam konumunun bilinememesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, gezenin art\u0131k g\u00f6zlemlenememesi tehlikesi vard\u0131. Aradan \u00e7ok zaman ge\u00e7mesine izin verilseydi, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck do\u011fal olarak artacakt\u0131. Ne var ki, d\u00f6nemin b\u00fcy\u00fck matematik\u00e7ilerinden Kari Friedrich Gauss, kendini Piazzi\u2019nin g\u00f6zlemlerine dayanarak Ceres\u2019in y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin hesaplanmas\u0131n\u0131 olanakl\u0131 k\u0131lacak bir y\u00f6ntem geli\u015ftirmeye verdi. Bu i\u015fi ba\u015fard\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, daha sonraki t\u00fcm y\u00f6r\u00fcnge hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6kbilimciler en sonunda, bilinmeyen gezegenin bulundu\u011fu sonucuna vararak rahatlad\u0131lar. Bununla birlikte 1802\u2019de, Alman g\u00f6kbilimci Heinrich Olbers, ikinci bir g\u00f6k cismi buldu. Pallas ad\u0131 verilen bu g\u00f6k cisminin, Ceres\u2019in y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi oldu\u011fu saptand\u0131. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, Ceres ve Pallas tam anlam\u0131yla birer gezegen de\u011fil, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, gezegensi g\u00f6k cisimleriydiler. Bu y\u00fczden de bunlara asteroit, planetoid yada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck planetler ad\u0131 verildi. 1804\u2019de ve 1807\u2019de iki asteroit daha (Juno ve Vesta) bulundu; 1845\u2019te Astraea\u2019- n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131na kadar herhangi bir yeni asteroit saptanmad\u0131. 1847\u2019 den bu yana ise, her y\u0131l en az bir yeni asteroit bulunmaktad\u0131r. 380 yeni asteroit bulunan y\u0131llar bile vard\u0131r.<br \/>\nAra\u015ft\u0131rmada foto\u011fraf tekniklerinin kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131ndan . bu yana, bulunan asteroitlerin say\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok asteroitin y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi, tutulum \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir noktada kesi\u015fir. Bu y\u00fczden tutulumu hemen yak\u0131n\u0131ndan \u00e7evreleyen b\u00f6lgenin foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7ekildi\u011finde asteroitler kolayl\u0131kla tan\u0131nabilir. Birka\u00e7 saatlik bir poz verme s\u00fcresi, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 parlak noktalar olarak g\u00f6sterir. Bu alan \u00fcst\u00fcnde asteroitler, parlak izler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Daha az parlak olan asteroitleri bulmak i\u00e7in etkili bir yol, asteroitlerle ayn\u0131 h\u0131zla hareket eden bir ara\u00e7la g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmektir. O zaman y\u0131ld\u0131zlar birer \u00e7izgi olarak belirirken, asteroitler parlak diskler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1801 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131 gecesi, Palermo g\u00f6zlemevi y\u00f6neticisi Giuseppe Piazzi, tutulum yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n katalogunu tamamlamak i\u00e7in, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bir b\u00f6lgeyi incelemekteydi. Bu katalog, Bode dizisi i\u00e7inde 2,8\u2019lik uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan gezegeni arama&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[1374],"class_list":["post-8202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-asteroit"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8202"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8202"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8203,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8202\/revisions\/8203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}