Pl\u00fcton\u2019u arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130lk g\u00f6rsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma 1880\u2019de, Washington Naval g\u00f6zlemevinde 65 sm\u2019lik bir teleskopla yap\u0131ld\u0131. O zamanlar, g\u00f6k- bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda foto\u011fraf bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131yordu. Amerikal\u0131 g\u00f6kbilimci David Todd, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na d\u00f6rt varsay\u0131mla ba\u015flad\u0131: 1) Bilinmeyen cismin Nept\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcnkinden biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7ap\u0131 vard\u0131r; 2) bu cisim hi\u00e7bir zaman tutulumun bir derece a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131nda yada yukar\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011fildir; 3) g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7evresinde yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcnkinin 52 kat\u0131 bir uzakl\u0131kla d\u00f6ner; 4) tutulumun 146\u00b0 ile 148\u00b0 boylamlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir noktada yer- al\u0131r. Bu varsay\u0131mlara g\u00f6re gezegenin 2 saniyelik bir \u00e7ap\u0131 ve 13\u2019l\u00fck bir parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmal\u0131yd\u0131. Olduk\u00e7a k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede Todd, 5 000 kadar y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 denetledi. Ama bu \u00f6zenli ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gezegenin yerini bulamad\u0131.<\/p>\n
1919\u2019da , g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyen gezegen i\u00e7in Mount Wilson g\u00f6zlemevinde (Kaliforniya), Todd\u2019un bulabilece\u011finden daha kesin hesaplarla ve 25 sm\u2019lik merce\u011fi olan bir foto\u011fraf tak\u0131m\u0131 kullan\u0131larak bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131ld\u0131. Hesaplara g\u00f6re gezegenin bulunmas\u0131 gereken b\u00f6lgenin bir\u00e7ok foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7ekildi, ama arama bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.
\n1930\u2019da Pl\u00fcton gezegeni, sonunda saptand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, g\u00f6kbilimciler on bir y\u0131l \u00f6nce 1919\u2019daki ara\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda gezegenin bulunmas\u0131 gereken konumu hesaplad\u0131lar. Gezegen, Mount Wilson\u2019daki foto\u011fraflar\u0131n i\u00e7inde, daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6kbilimcilerin hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bulamad\u0131klar\u0131 yerde bulundu.<\/p>\n
Hesaplar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir belirsizlikle \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6kcisminin konumunu bulmak i\u00e7in say\u0131s\u0131z y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131ld\u0131. G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn her b\u00f6lgesinin \u00fc\u00e7 pozitif foto\u011fraf bask\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bir s\u00fcre sonra ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin yeniden foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7ekiliyor, kesinlik kayg\u0131s\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7 kopya kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. \u0130ki dizi foto\u011fraf\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, hareket eden herhangi bir g\u00f6kcismini a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karacakt\u0131. Bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma, temel bir ara\u00e7 olan p\u0131r\u0131ldakl\u0131 mikroskopla, bir g\u00fcnde 30 000 y\u0131ld\u0131z denetlenene kadar yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Sonunda Lcwell g\u00f6kbilimcilerinden Clyde Tombaugh<\/strong>, 18 \u015eubat 1930\u2019da Gemini tak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7indeki Delta y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir foto\u011frafta yeni gezegeni buldu. Ayn\u0131 gece, ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgeyi ba\u015fka bir kamera da \u00e7ekmi\u015fti ve o da gezegeni g\u00f6steriyordu. 19 \u015eubat\u2019ta, kaydedilenlerin kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in bir foto\u011fraf daha \u00e7ekildi. Gezegen \u00f6nceki gecenin foto\u011fraflar\u0131 incelenerek kestirilebilecek kadar yolalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0Hemen yeni bulunan Pl\u00fcton\u2019u g\u00f6zlemlemeye giri\u015fen \u00e7ok say\u0131da g\u00f6kbilimci, d\u00fc\u015f k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131. Onlar en az\u0131ndan 13. kadirden bir gezegen bekliyorlard\u0131; oysa yeni gezegen 15. kadirdendi. \u00dcstelik gezegenin g\u00f6rsel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcyle film \u00fcst\u00fcndeki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma, Pl\u00fcton\u2019un Uran\u00fcs ve Nept\u00fcn\u2019den \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Yeni ve uzaktaki bir gezegenin en yak\u0131n iki kom\u015fusuna benzer olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bir\u00e7ok g\u00f6kbilimci, yeni bir gezegenin bulunmu\u015f oldu\u011funa inanamad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n 13 Mart 1930\u2019da duyurulan Pl\u00fcton\u2019un bulunu\u015fu<\/strong>, Lovvell g\u00f6zlemevinin as\u0131l tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (Sat\u00fcrn y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nen di\u011fer cisimlerin aranmas\u0131) kesinti ye u\u011fratmad\u0131. Bir k\u00fcresel k\u00fcme, bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k k\u00fcme, 1800 g\u00f6kadal\u0131k bir k\u00fcme, bir kuyrukluy\u0131ld\u0131z, 145 yeni asteroid ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 1807 de\u011fi\u015fken y\u0131ld\u0131z bulundu. Ayr\u0131ca, foto\u011frafla 29 548 g\u00f6kada d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bulutsu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc kaydedildi.<\/p>\n Gezegeni bulan Clyde Tombaugh<\/strong> ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 bu yeni cisme Pl\u00fcton<\/strong> ad\u0131n\u0131 verdiler. Pl\u00fcton g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7evresini yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcnkine 17\u00b0 lik bile\u011fim yapan elips bi\u00e7iminde bir y\u00f6r\u00fcnge \u00fcst\u00fcnde 248 y\u0131lda dola\u015f\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015ften ortalama uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 5,76 milyar km\u2019dir; ama 1989\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek olan g\u00fcnberi durumunda, g\u00fcne\u015fe Nept\u00fcn\u2019den daha yak\u0131n olacakt\u0131r. \u0130ki gezenin y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri kesi\u015fiyorsa da, Pl\u00fcton, Nept\u00fcn\u2019le \u00e7arp\u0131\u015famaz; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi \u00e7ok e\u011fimlidir. Pl\u00fcton\u2019un y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin d\u0131\u015f- merkezlili\u011fi, g\u00f6kbilimcilere bir zamanlar Nept\u00fcn\u2019\u00fcn bir uydusu oldu\u011funu, daha sonra, g\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin ilk zamanlar\u0131nda kurtularak kendi uzak y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde hareket etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n \u00d6nemli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklerin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra, gezegenin \u00e7ap\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 5 000 km olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. K\u00fctlesinin yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcnkinin 0,1 \u2018i kadar oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bu do\u011fruysa yo\u011funlu\u011fu \u00e7ok fazla olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Pl\u00fcton\u2019un parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 6,39 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde y\u00fczde 10 kadar de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterir; bu da, y\u00fczeyinin her yanda ayn\u0131 parlakl\u0131kta olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ayr\u0131ca kendi \u00e7evresinde bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de 6,39 g\u00fcnde tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Ancak, bu gezegen konusundaki bilgiler \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, kesin say\u0131lar hen\u00fcz bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Pl\u00fcton\u2019u arama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130lk g\u00f6rsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma 1880\u2019de, Washington Naval g\u00f6zlemevinde 65 sm\u2019lik bir teleskopla yap\u0131ld\u0131. O zamanlar, g\u00f6k- bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda foto\u011fraf bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131yordu. Amerikal\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[3002],"class_list":["post-8204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-pluton"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8204"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8204"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8206,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8204\/revisions\/8206"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}