Fizyokratlar, \u2018B\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler. \u201cslogan\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Kl\u00e2sik iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar, bu slogan\u0131 benimsemi\u015flerdi.\u00a0On Dokuzuncu Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yans\u0131nda, Kl\u00e2siklere kar\u015f\u0131 tepkiler d\u00f6rt koldan geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Alman Tarih\u00e7i Ekol\u00fc, Kl\u00e2siklerin tahlil y\u00f6ntemlerini ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Ulusal Ekonomi Doktrini, serbest m\u00fcbadele ve Liberalizm ilkelerini \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fcdahalecilik yanl\u0131lar\u0131, ferdiyet\u00e7ili\u011fe ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr \u0130ktisad\u00ee d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sosyalistler, Kl\u00e2siklerin m\u00fclkiyet ve gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine cephe alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Devlet\u00e7ilik, Kl\u00e2siklere g\u00f6sterilen tepkilerin bir karmas\u0131d\u0131r. Serbest piyasa ekonomisini ve \u00f6zel giri\u015fim \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ho\u015fg\u00f6rmeyen tercihlerin bir sentezidir. Kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka ak\u0131mlardan alan devlet\u00e7ili\u011fin bilimsel kimli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fildir. Devlet\u00e7ili\u011fi \u00f6neren kalemlerin ve programlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda Hegel in otorite \u00f6zlemine, Manc\u2019m sermaye d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, Saint-Simon\u2019un planc\u0131l\u0131k ve teknokrasi e\u011filimlerine, Fichte\u2019 nin milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fine, List in Ulusal Ekonomi Doktrinine veya Salazar1 \u0131n Korporatizm\u2019ine de\u011fin \u00e7e\u015fitli etkilere rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Devlet\u00e7ilik terimi, 1930 lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Atat\u00fcrk, memleketimizde Devlet\u00e7ili\u011fin Sosyalizm ve Liberalizm den ayn bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yol oldu\u011funu ve \u00f6zel giri\u015fime kar\u015f\u0131t bir iktisadi modeli temsil etmedi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Ancak d\u00fcnya literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde, iktisadi rejim tipi olarak Devlet\u00e7ili\u011fe kesin ve statik bir s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izmekte zorluk \u00e7ekilmi\u015ftir. Ga\u00e9tan Pirou, Devlet\u00e7ili\u011fi m\u00fcdahalecilik ve planc\u0131l\u0131k kavramlar\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Larousse, Devlet\u00e7ili\u011fi kamu otoritesinin \u00fcretim, ticaret, payla\u015f\u0131m ve t\u00fcketim alanlar\u0131nda kamu otoritesinin ekonomiye do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fi bir sistem olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yirminci Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yans\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan iktisat ansiklopedilerinin \u00e7o\u011funda, Devlet\u00e7ilik maddesinin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate \u00e7arpm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Devlet\u00e7ili\u011fi savunanlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde durduklar\u0131 konular refah ekonomisi, sosyal adalet, merkez\u00ee planlama gibi terimlerin kapsam\u0131nda tahlil edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Devlet\u00e7ilik ad\u0131 verilmi\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitli politikalar\u0131n karakter \u00e7izgilerini \u00fc\u00e7 ayn grupta toplamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Yabanc\u0131 \u00fclkelerde Devlet\u00e7ilik ve benzeri tezleri benimseyen yazarlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu iktisat siyasetini \u015fekillendirme yetkisini ulusal irade temsilcilerine b\u0131rakmayarak bir ekonomi \u015fefi elinde toplanmay\u0131 tercih etmekteydiler. Devlet\u00e7iler, ekonomi politikas\u0131na se\u00e7menlerin de\u011fil, otorite sahiplerinin y\u00f6n vermesini istemekteydiler. Ekonomi \u015fefi veya planc\u0131 tercihinin ulusal iradeye \u00fcst\u00fcn tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 yararl\u0131 saymaktayd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
Devlet\u00e7ili\u011fin ikinci hedefi, \u0130ktisad\u00ee iktidar\u0131n el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesiydi. Paran\u0131n inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve zorlay\u0131c\u0131 etkisinden ekonomiyi ar\u0131nd\u0131rmak Devlet\u00e7ilerin ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan benimsedikleri bir idealdi. Onlar para kuvvetinin temsil etti\u011fi otoriteyi \u00f6zel kesim sermayedarlar\u0131ndan alarak kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131 personeline ve teknokratlara ge\u00e7irmek \u00f6zlemindeydiler.<\/p>\n
Devlet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00f6zelli\u011fi, \u00fcretim ara\u00e7-lan m\u00fclkiyet payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zel kesim zarar\u0131na ve kamu \u0130ktisad\u00ee kurulu\u015flar\u0131 yarar\u0131na de\u011fi\u015ftirmekteydi. Bu e\u011filime evrimlerle Sosyalizme eri\u015fmeyi ama\u00e7layanlar da kat\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fizyokratlar, \u2018B\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler. \u201cslogan\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Kl\u00e2sik iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar, bu slogan\u0131 benimsemi\u015flerdi.\u00a0On Dokuzuncu Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yans\u0131nda, Kl\u00e2siklere kar\u015f\u0131 tepkiler d\u00f6rt koldan geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Alman Tarih\u00e7i Ekol\u00fc, Kl\u00e2siklerin tahlil y\u00f6ntemlerini ele\u015ftirmi\u015ftir….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-toplum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8332"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8332"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8332\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8334,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8332\/revisions\/8334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}