{"id":8509,"date":"2017-01-17T17:45:37","date_gmt":"2017-01-17T15:45:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8509"},"modified":"2017-02-20T22:53:07","modified_gmt":"2017-02-20T20:53:07","slug":"ates-yakmayi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8509","title":{"rendered":"Ate\u015f yakmay\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ate\u015f y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve alev veren h\u0131zl\u0131 yanma olay\u0131d\u0131r. Ate\u015fin meydana gelebilmesi i\u00e7in yanabilen bir maddenin tutu\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oksijen ile temas etmesi gerekir. Yak\u0131t ve oksijen devaml\u0131 mevcut ve temas halinde ise s\u00fcrekli yanma olur. Bir ate\u015fin s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, yanmaya sebep olan unsurlardan yak\u0131t ve oksijenin yok edilmesi, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ate\u015fi kim ke\u015ffetti?<\/h2>\n

\u0130nsano\u011flunun ate\u015fle ilk kez ne zaman tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, kesin olarak bilinememekle birlikte, ate\u015fin bulunu\u015fu ile ilgili temel inan\u0131\u015f do\u011fan\u0131n bir y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m veya s\u0131cak ile ate\u015fin yanmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu insanlar\u0131n ise yanan ate\u015fi bu tip olaylarla \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fidir. Bilim adamlar\u0131, bu insan\u0131n ate\u015fi tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak onu yakmay\u0131 bilmedi\u011fini ve alevlerin do\u011fal olaylar sonucu onun hayat\u0131na girdi\u011fini kabul ediyorlar.\u00a0 Fakat 1929 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n sonucunda Pekin’in 45 kilometre uza\u011f\u0131ndaki Choukontien ma\u011faras\u0131nda, 500 bin y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ait bir insan kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulundu\u011funda, bu insan\u0131n yan\u0131nda baz\u0131 yanm\u0131\u015f cisimlere de rastland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130sa’n\u0131n do\u011fumundan 12 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Ta\u015f Devri insan\u0131, \u00e7akmak ta\u015flar\u0131yla ate\u015f yakmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi. Bu bulu\u015fu, birbirine \u00e7arpan iki \u00e7akmak ta\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m\u0131n yerdeki kuru otlar\u0131 tutu\u015fturmas\u0131yla bir rastlant\u0131 sonucu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131l\u0131yor. 4 bin y\u0131l sonra, Ta\u015f Devri insan\u0131, bir odun par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 bir ba\u015fka tahtan\u0131n \u00fczerine h\u0131zla s\u00fcrterek ate\u015f yakmay\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla beceriyordu.<\/p>\n

Orta\u00e7a\u011f’la birlikte, insano\u011flu kav \u00e7akma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi ve bu y\u00f6ntem, en yayg\u0131n ate\u015f yakma tekni\u011fi olarak d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131. 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda sodyum nitrat ve alkol kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na bat\u0131r\u0131larak kurutulmu\u015f \u00e7ubuklarla, ilk kibrit benzeri ate\u015f yakma ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00fcretildi.<\/p>\n

1827 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz kimyageri John Walker, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tahta par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 antimon s\u00fclfit, potasyum klorat ve arapsak\u0131z\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131na bat\u0131rarak ilk kibriti yapt\u0131. 1830 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa’da Charles Sauria, fosfor kullanarak bir kibrit \u00fcretti. Ama, kullan\u0131lan maddenin zehirli olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, daha \u00fcretim a\u015famas\u0131nda 20 ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. 20 y\u0131l sonra, \u0130sve\u00e7li bilim adam\u0131 John Lundstron, Sauria’ n\u0131n y\u00f6ntemini g\u00fcvenli hale getirdi.<\/p>\n

1909 y\u0131l\u0131nda benzinli \u00e7akmaklar yap\u0131ld\u0131. 1945 y\u0131l\u0131nda da b\u00fctangaz\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7akmaklar geli\u015ftirildi. Bug\u00fcn \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n olan manyetolu ve pilli \u00e7akmaklarla ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ise, daha 1880 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z fizik\u00e7ileri Pierre ve Paul-Jacques Curie taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ate\u015f y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve alev veren h\u0131zl\u0131 yanma olay\u0131d\u0131r. Ate\u015fin meydana gelebilmesi i\u00e7in yanabilen bir maddenin tutu\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oksijen ile temas etmesi gerekir. Yak\u0131t ve oksijen devaml\u0131 mevcut ve temas…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[365],"class_list":["post-8509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-toplum","tag-ates"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8509"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8509"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8509\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8538,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8509\/revisions\/8538"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}