Tutkal\u0131n tarihi ve Tutkal\u0131 veya yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 kim, ne zaman, nas\u0131l icat etti?<\/p>\n
M.\u00d6. 4.000 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan kalma mezar sitelerinde kaz\u0131 yapan arkeologlar, a\u011fa\u00e7 \u00f6z\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan tutkal ile tamir edilmi\u015f kil kaplar ke\u015ffettiler. Eski Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n marangozlukta kullanmak \u00fczere yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar geli\u015ftirdiklerini bilinmektedir. Eski yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n kulland\u0131klar\u0131 tutkallar yumurta ak\u0131lar\u0131, kan, kemik, s\u00fct, peynir, sebze ve tah\u0131llar gibi maddelerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131yordu.\u00a0 Katran ve balmumundan yap\u0131lan tutkallar Romal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1750 civar\u0131nda, \u0130ngiltere’de bal\u0131ktan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk tutkal veya yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in patent al\u0131nd\u0131. Daha sonra do\u011fal kau\u00e7uk, hayvan kemikleri, bal\u0131k, ni\u015fasta, s\u00fct proteini veya kazein kullan\u0131larak \u00fcretilen yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in bir \u00e7ok patent verildi.<\/p>\n
Superglue veya Krazy Tutkal, 1942’de Dr. Harry Coover<\/strong>, Kodak Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Laboratuarlar\u0131’nda silahlar i\u00e7in \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 iletecek,\u00a0optik a\u00e7\u0131dan temiz bir plastik geli\u015ftirmek \u00fczere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131da\u00a0Siyanoakrilat’\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. Fazla s\u0131v\u0131 ve yap\u0131\u015fkan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in\u00a0as\u0131l ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda kullanamad\u0131 ve bir kenara att\u0131.<\/p>\n 1951’de, Coover ve Dr. Fred Joyner<\/strong> Tennessee’de bulunan Eastman Company \u015firketinde jet u\u00e7ak kanopileri (jet u\u00e7aklarda pilot kabininin \u00fcst\u00fcndeki cam b\u00f6l\u00fcm) i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131ya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 akrilat polimer \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda Siyanoakrilat yeniden kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Coover ve Joyner, refraktometre prizmalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda etil siyanoakrilat bir film yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve prizmalar\u0131n birbirine yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 farkettiler.\u00a0Coover nihayet siyanoakrilat\u0131n faydal\u0131 bir \u00fcr\u00fcn oldu\u011funu fark etti ve 1958’de Eastman \u015eirketi #910 adl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve daha sonra superglue olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n S\u0131cak tutkal veya s\u0131cakta eriyen yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar tutkal tabancalar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak uygulanan termoplastiklerdir, so\u011fuduk\u00e7a sertle\u015fir. S\u0131cak yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve tutkal tabancalar\u0131, s\u0131cak tutkal\u0131n birbirine yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fi geni\u015f malzeme yelpazesinden dolay\u0131, sanat ve zanaat \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Procter & Gamble<\/strong>‘da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, kimya ve ambalaj m\u00fchendisi Paul Cope<\/strong>, nemli veya islak zeminlerde ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan su bazl\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 daha iyi hale getirdi. 1940 y\u0131l\u0131nda termoplastik yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 icat etti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tutkal\u0131n tarihi ve Tutkal\u0131 veya yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 kim, ne zaman, nas\u0131l icat etti? M.\u00d6. 4.000 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan kalma mezar sitelerinde kaz\u0131 yapan arkeologlar, a\u011fa\u00e7 \u00f6z\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan tutkal ile tamir edilmi\u015f kil kaplar…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8689,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[317],"tags":[3070,3071],"class_list":["post-8686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-is-dunyasi","tag-tutkal","tag-yapistirici"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8686"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8686"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8686\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8690,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8686\/revisions\/8690"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8686"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8686"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8686"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}S\u0131cak Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 – Termoplastik Tutukal<\/h2>\n