{"id":8727,"date":"2018-01-08T11:37:38","date_gmt":"2018-01-08T09:37:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8727"},"modified":"2018-01-08T11:37:38","modified_gmt":"2018-01-08T09:37:38","slug":"cengelli-igneyi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8727","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7engelli \u0130\u011fneyi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bir kilitli i\u011fne veya \u00e7engelli i\u011fne, giyim e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 (di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle kuma\u015flar\u0131) birbirine tutturmak i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lan bir cisimdir. T\u00fcrkiyede en \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerde alt\u0131n takmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Giysi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ilk i\u011fneler M.\u00d6. 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Mikenlilere kadar uzan\u0131yor ve fibulae olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu.\u00a0Modern kilitli i\u011fne Walter Hunt&#8217;\u0131n icad\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<h2>Kilitli \u0130\u011fnenin mucidi Walter Hunt<\/h2>\n<p>Walter Hunt, 1796&#8217;da New York eyaletinde do\u011fdu. Duvar ustas\u0131yd\u0131. New York&#8217;taki Lowville kasabas\u0131nda \u00e7ift\u00e7i olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve yetene\u011fi sayesinde kasabadaki de\u011firmenler makineler tasarlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk patentini, New York&#8217;a ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra bir makine \u00fczerine 1826&#8217;da ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Hunt&#8217;\u0131n di\u011fer icatlar\u0131, Winchester tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131 t\u00fcfe\u011fi, keten b\u00fck\u00fcc\u00fc, b\u0131\u00e7ak parlatma makinesi, cadde \u00e7an\u0131, sert k\u00f6m\u00fcr yakma sobas\u0131, suni ta\u015f, yol s\u00fcp\u00fcrme makinesi ve posta g\u00f6nderme makinesi idi. Ayr\u0131ca ticari olarak ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir diki\u015f makinesini icat etmekle tanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00c7engelli veya Kilitli <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/dikis-ignesi\/\">\u0130\u011fnenin \u0130cad\u0131<\/a><\/h2>\n<p>Hunt, 15 dolarl\u0131k borcunu nas\u0131l \u00f6deyece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Bu s\u0131rada elinde bulunan bir teli e\u011fip b\u00fck\u00fcyor, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekiller veriyordu. Bir anda b\u00fckt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc telin parmaklara batmayacak \u015fekilde g\u00fcvenli bir i\u011fne olarak kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini farketti.\u00a0 Hemen patenti i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu ve bir toka ve yaya sahip olan ilk i\u011fnenin, parmaklar\u0131n\u0131 yaralanmaya kar\u015f\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 antallt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>10 Nisan 1849&#8217;da Hunt&#8217;a kilitli i\u011fne (Safety Pin) i\u00e7in 6,281 nolu ABD patenti verildi. Hunt&#8217;\u0131n i\u011fnesi, bir ucunda bir yay i\u00e7ine sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir tel par\u00e7as\u0131 ile telin ucunun yay taraf\u0131ndan toka i\u00e7ine girmesine izin verecek \u015fekildeydi.<\/p>\n<p>Daha sonra patent haklar\u0131n\u0131, bor\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu ki\u015fiye d\u00f6rt y\u00fcz dolara satt\u0131.<\/p>\n<h3>Hunt&#8217;\u0131n Diki\u015f Makinesi<\/h3>\n<p>1834&#8217;te Hunt Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/dikis-makinesi\/\"> ilk diki\u015f makinesini<\/a> icat etti. Fakat bulu\u015fun i\u015fsizli\u011fe neden olaca\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in o y\u0131llarda patent i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmad\u0131. Massachusetts&#8217;li Elias Howe taraf\u0131ndan yeniden icat edilen diki\u015f makinesini g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra Hunt icat etti\u011fi diki\u015f makinesine 1846&#8217;da patent ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Howe&#8217;nin tasar\u0131m\u0131, kapsaml\u0131 patent davas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu diki\u015f makinesi Isaac Singer ve di\u011ferleri taraf\u0131ndan kopyalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0Howe taraf\u0131ndan en b\u00fcy\u00fck diki\u015f makinas\u0131 \u00fcreticisi olan Singer&#8217;e kar\u015f\u0131 bir dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Singer, Howe&#8217;nin patent haklar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funu, bulu\u015fu i\u00e7in patent almad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bulu\u015fun zaten 20 ya\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ve Howe&#8217;nin telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 talep edemeyece\u011fini iddia ederek itiraz etti. Howe patenti 1854 y\u0131l\u0131nda mahkeme karar\u0131 ile diki\u015f makinesini Hunt&#8217;\u0131n icat etti\u011fi tescillendi.<\/p>\n<p>Howe, 1867 y\u0131l\u0131nda diki\u015f makinesi i\u00e7in tescillenen patentinin s\u00fcresinin sona erdi\u011fi y\u0131lda yani 1867&#8217;de \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bir kilitli i\u011fne veya \u00e7engelli i\u011fne, giyim e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 (di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle kuma\u015flar\u0131) birbirine tutturmak i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lan bir cisimdir. T\u00fcrkiyede en \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerde alt\u0131n takmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Giysi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8729,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3075,485,3074],"class_list":["post-8727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-cengelli-igne","tag-igne","tag-kilitli-igne"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8727"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8727"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8727\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8730,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8727\/revisions\/8730"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}