{"id":8809,"date":"2018-01-11T16:37:54","date_gmt":"2018-01-11T14:37:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8809"},"modified":"2018-05-09T14:17:25","modified_gmt":"2018-05-09T12:17:25","slug":"ilk-araba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8809","title":{"rendered":"\u0130lk Araba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130lk kendi kendine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan arabalar buhar motorlar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131 ve Frans\u0131z <strong>Nicolas Joseph Cugnot<\/strong> bu tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re ilk arabay\u0131 1769 yapan ki\u015fidir. \u00d6yleyse neden tarih kitaplar\u0131 araban\u0131n Gottlieb Daimler veya Karl Benz taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi\u011fini yaz\u0131yor? Bunun nedeni, hem Daimler hem de Benz, modern otomobil \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatan olduk\u00e7a ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ve pratik benzinli arabalar icat etmesidir. Daimler ve Benz, bug\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z arabalar gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ftan <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/arabayi-kim-buldu\/\">ilk otomobilleri<\/a> icat ettiler.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130\u00e7ten Yanmal\u0131 Motorun Tarihi &#8211; Otomobilin Kalbi<\/h2>\n<p>\u0130\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 bir motor, bir silindir i\u00e7indeki pistonu itmek i\u00e7in yak\u0131t\u0131n patlay\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan motordur. Pistonun ileri ve geri hareketi bir krank milini d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Krank milinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc bir zincir veya tahrik mili vas\u0131tas\u0131yla tekerleklere aktar\u0131l\u0131r ve tekerlekler d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flar. Otomobil motorlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131t t\u00fcrleri, benzin, dizel, lpg ve kerosindir.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0130\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorun ge\u00e7mi\u015fine k\u0131sa bir bak\u0131\u015f:<\/h4>\n<p>1680 &#8211; Hollandal\u0131 fizik\u00e7i <strong>Christian Huygens<\/strong>, barutla doldurulacak bir i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 bir motoru tasarlad\u0131 (ancak in\u015fa etmedi).<br \/>\n1807 &#8211; \u0130svi\u00e7reli <strong>Francois Isaac de Rivaz<\/strong>, yak\u0131t i\u00e7in hidrojen ve oksijen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullanan bir i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motor icat etti. Rivaz, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motoru i\u00e7in bir otomobil tasarlad\u0131. Ancak, \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir tasar\u0131md\u0131.<br \/>\n1824 &#8211; \u0130ngiliz m\u00fchendis, <strong>Samuel Brown<\/strong> eski bir Newcomen buhar motorunu i\u00e7inde benzin yakmak i\u00e7in\u00a0 uyarlad\u0131 ve k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre arac\u0131 Londra&#8217;daki Shooter&#8217;s Hill&#8217;de kulland\u0131.<br \/>\n1858 &#8211; Bel\u00e7ika do\u011fumlu m\u00fchendis <strong>Jean Joseph \u00c9tienne Lenoir<\/strong>, k\u00f6m\u00fcr gaz\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ift etkili, elektrik k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131ml\u0131, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 bir motor icad\u0131 ve patenti ald\u0131 (1860). Lenoir, 1863 y\u0131l\u0131nda, tarihi elli mil yolculu\u011funu tamamlamay\u0131 ba\u015faran \u00fc\u00e7 tekerlekli bir vagona geli\u015fmi\u015f bir motor (petrol ve ilkel bir karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r kullanarak) takt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1862 &#8211; Frans\u0131z bir in\u015faat m\u00fchendisi olan <strong>Alphonse Beau de Rochas<\/strong> d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 bir motor patenti ald\u0131 ancak yapmad\u0131 (Frans\u0131z patenti # 52,593, 16 Ocak 1862).<br \/>\n1864 &#8211; Avusturyal\u0131 m\u00fchendis, <strong>Siegfried Marcus<\/strong>, ham karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rl\u00fc tek silindirli bir motor in\u015fa etti ve motorunu bir arabaya ba\u011flad\u0131. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra Marcus, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre 10 mil h\u0131zla gidebilen ve birka\u00e7 tarih\u00e7inin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk benzinli arac\u0131 olmas\u0131yla modern otomobilin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir ara\u00e7 tasarlad\u0131.<br \/>\n1873 &#8211; Amerikal\u0131 bir m\u00fchendis olan <strong>George Brayton<\/strong> ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z iki zamanl\u0131 bir gaz ya\u011f\u0131 motoru geli\u015ftirdi (iki d\u0131\u015f pompalama silindiri kulland\u0131). Ancak bu motor araba motoru olmaktan \u00e7ok, ilk g\u00fcvenli ve pratik bir ya\u011f motoru olarak kabul edildi.<br \/>\n1866 &#8211; Alman m\u00fchendisleri <strong>Eugen Langen<\/strong> ve <strong>Nikolaus August Otto<\/strong>, Lenoir ve Rochas&#8217;\u0131n tasar\u0131mlar\u0131nda geli\u015ftirmeler yaparak ve daha verimli bir benzin motoru icat etti.<br \/>\n1876 \u200b\u200b- Nikolaus August Otto &#8220;Otto d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc&#8221; olarak bilinen ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 motoru\u00a0icat etti ve daha sonra patentledi.<br \/>\n1876 \u200b\u200b- \u0130lk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 iki zamanl\u0131 motor <strong>Sir Dougald Clerk<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi.<br \/>\n1883 &#8211; Frans\u0131z m\u00fchendis, <strong>Edouard Delamare-Debouteville<\/strong>, soba gaz\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tek silindirli d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 bir motor ypt\u0131. Delamare-Debouteville&#8217;in tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 o zamana kadarki en geli\u015fmi\u015f motordu.<br \/>\n1885 &#8211; <strong>Gottlieb Daimler<\/strong>, modern benzin motorunun prototipini \u00f6rnek alarak dikey bir silindire ve karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rle enjekte edilen benzinle (1887&#8217;de patentli) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan motoru tasarlad\u0131. Daimler ilk \u00f6nce bu motorla &#8220;Reitwagen&#8221; (Binici Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131) iki tekerlekli bir ara\u00e7 in\u015faa etti ve bir y\u0131l sonra d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk d\u00f6rt tekerlekli motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131.<br \/>\n1886 &#8211; <strong>Karl Benz<\/strong>, 29 Ocak tarihinde benzin yak\u0131tl\u0131 bir otomobil i\u00e7in ilk patenti ald\u0131 (DRP No. 37435).<br \/>\n1889 &#8211; Daimler, mantar \u015feklindeki valfler ve iki V e\u011fimli silindire sahip geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 bir motor geli\u015ftirdi.<br \/>\n1890 &#8211; <strong>Wilhelm Maybach<\/strong> ilk d\u00f6rt silindirli, d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 motoru yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Motor, yukar\u0131da de\u011finilen neredeyse t\u00fcm mucitlerin tasarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 otomobillerin ayr\u0131lmaz birer par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131 ve bu mucitlerden birka\u00e7\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck araba \u00fcreticileri olmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.\u00a0B\u00fct\u00fcn bu mucitler ve daha bir \u00e7ok insan, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motor kullanan arabalar\u0131n geli\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler kaydetti.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Nicolaus Otto&#8217;nun \u00d6nemi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Motor tasar\u0131m\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli ki\u015filerden biri, 1876&#8217;da etkili bir benzinli motoru icat eden Nicolaus August Otto&#8217;dur. Otto, &#8220;Otto Cycle Engine&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ilk pratik d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motoru in\u015fa etti ve motorunu tamamlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu anda bir motosiklet haline getirdi. Otto&#8217;nun katk\u0131lar\u0131 tarihsel a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemliydi, t\u00fcm s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 otomobiller i\u00e7in evrensel olarak benimsenen d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 ilk motordu.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Karl Benz<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11144\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/benz-araba.jpg\" alt=\"benz-araba\" width=\"768\" height=\"561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/benz-araba.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/benz-araba-300x219.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alman makine m\u00fchendisi Karl Benz, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 bir motordan g\u00fc\u00e7 alan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk pratik otomobilini tasarlad\u0131 ve in\u015fa etti. 29 Ocak 1886&#8217;da Benz, benzin yak\u0131tl\u0131 otomobilin ilk patentini (DRP No. 37435) ald\u0131. Bu araba \u00fc\u00e7 tekerlekliyd\u0131. Benz 1891&#8217;de ilk d\u00f6rt tekerlekli otomobilini yapt\u0131. Mucit taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Benz &amp; Cie fabrikas\u0131 1900 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck otomobil \u00fcreticisi haline geldi. Benz, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 bir motoru bir \u015fasi ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftiren ilk mucitti.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Gottlieb Daimler<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda Gottlieb Daimler (tasar\u0131m orta\u011f\u0131 Wilhelm Maybach&#8217;la birlikte) Otto&#8217;nun i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorunu bir ad\u0131m daha ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.\u00a0Modern benzinli motorun <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/prototip-nasil-yapilir\/\">prototipi<\/a> olarak genel olarak kabul motoru yapt\u0131 ve patentini ald\u0131. Daimler&#8217;in, Otto ile\u00a0do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131; Daimler, Nikolas Otto&#8217;nun 1872&#8217;de ortak oldu\u011fu Deutz Gasmotorenfabrik&#8217;in teknik m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk motosiklet&#8217;i icat eden ki\u015finin Otto mu yoksa Daimler mi oldu\u011fu ve ilk kim taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0konusunda halen devam eden baz\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>1885 Daimler-Maybach motoru k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, hafif, h\u0131zl\u0131, karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rl\u00fc ve dikey bir silindirli bir motordu. Motorun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, h\u0131z\u0131 ve verimlili\u011fi, otomobil tasar\u0131m\u0131nda bir devrim yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. 8 Mart 1886&#8217;da, Daimler stagecoach ad\u0131 verilen bir at arabas\u0131 ald\u0131 ve motoru buna adapte ederek d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk d\u00f6rt tekerlekli otomobilini tasarlad\u0131. Daimler, pratik bir i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motor icat eden ilk mucit olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>1889&#8217;da Daimler, V-e\u011fimli, iki silindirli, d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131, mantar \u015feklinde vanalar i\u00e7eren bir motor icat etti. T\u0131pk\u0131 Otto&#8217;nun 1876 da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 motor gibi, Daimler&#8217;in yeni motoru da t\u00fcm otomobil motorlar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturuyor. 1889&#8217;da Daimler ve Maybach ilk otomobillerini yeniden tasarlad\u0131lar. Yeni tasarlanan Daimler otomobili d\u00f6rt vitesli bir \u015fanz\u0131man ile 10 mil h\u0131za kadar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Daimler, 1890&#8217;da Daimler Motoren-Gesellschaft&#8217;\u0131 kurdu. Onbir y\u0131l sonra da Wilhelm Maybach Mercedes otomobilini tasarlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>* Bu arada tarih\u00e7ilerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 Siegfried Marcus&#8217;un ilk otomobili 1875 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorlar. Bu otomobil d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 bir motordan g\u00fc\u00e7 alan, karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rl\u00fc ve manyetik ate\u015flemeli, ilk benzinli ara\u00e7 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>1900&#8217;l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, farkl\u0131 tasar\u0131ml\u0131 motorlara sahip benzinli otomobillerin sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ekonomi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomobiller i\u00e7in pazar b\u00fcy\u00fcyordu ve end\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretim ihtiyac\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyada end\u00fcstriyel olarak bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk otomobil \u00fcreticileri Panhard &amp; Levassor (1889) ve Peugeot (1891) ile Frans\u0131zlar oldu. Daimler ve Benz, patentlerini d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerindeki otomobil \u00fcreticilerine lisans vererek\u00a0\u00fcretmelerini ve kullanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Rene Panhard ve Emile Levassor<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Rene Panhard ve Emile Levassor, otomobil \u00fcreticileri olmaya karar verdiklerinde ah\u015fap i\u015fleme makineleri alan\u0131nda ortak olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Fransa i\u00e7in Daimler patentinin lisans haklar\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulunduran Edouard Sarazin&#8217;de bu ekibe kat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130lk otomobillerini 1890&#8217;da Daimler motoru ile \u00fcrettiler. Ortaklar yaln\u0131zca otomobil \u00fcretmekle kalmad\u0131lar, g\u00f6vdesi tasar\u0131m\u0131nda da iyile\u015ftirmeler yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>Panhard-Levassor, pedalla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan debriyaj, zincirli bir \u015fanz\u0131man ve bir radyat\u00f6r \u00fcretti. Levassor, motoru otomobilin \u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6t\u00fcren ve arkadan iti\u015fli bir g\u00fc\u00e7 d\u00fczenini kullanan ilk tasar\u0131mc\u0131yd\u0131. Bu tasar\u0131m Systeme Panhard olarak biliniyordu. Daha iyi bir denge ve geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f direksiyon hakimiyeti sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in h\u0131zla t\u00fcm ara\u00e7lar\u0131n standard\u0131 haline geldi.<\/p>\n<p>Panhard ve Levassor, Daimler motorlar\u0131n\u0131n lisans haklar\u0131n\u0131 Armand Peugot&#8217;la payla\u015ft\u0131. Peugot otomobil sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran Fransa&#8217;da d\u00fczenlenen ilk araba yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131. \u0130ronik bir \u015fekilde, 1897&#8217;deki &#8220;Paris to Marsilya&#8221; yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir trafik kazas\u0131 meydana geldi ve Emile Levassor \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk, Frans\u0131z \u00fcreticileri otomobil modellerini standartla\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131 &#8211; her araba di\u011ferinden farkl\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130lk standart araba 1894, Benz Velo idi. 14 Velos 1895 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcretildi.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Charles ve Frank Duryea<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n ilk benzinle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ticari ara\u00e7 \u00fcreticileri Charles ve Frank Duryea&#8217;yd\u0131. Karde\u015fler benzinli\u00a0 otomobillerle ilgilenen bisiklet \u00fcreticileriydi. \u0130lk motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 1893&#8217;te Springfield, Massachusetts&#8217;te in\u015fa ettiler. 1896&#8217;da kurulan Duryea Motor Wagon Company, 1920&#8217;li y\u0131llarda bile \u00fcretimi devam eden pahal\u0131 bir limuzin olan Duryea&#8217;n\u0131n 13 modelini satm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ransome Eli Olds<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri&#8217;nde seri \u00fcretilen ilk otomobil 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Amerikan otomobil \u00fcreticisi Ransome Eli Olds (1864-1950) taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa Curved Dash Oldsmobile oldu. Olds, montaj hatt\u0131n\u0131n temel konseptini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve Detroit otomobil end\u00fcstrisini ba\u015flatt\u0131. \u0130lk \u00f6nce 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda Lansing, Michigan&#8217;da babas\u0131 Pliny Fisk Olds ile buhar ve benzinli motorlar yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Olds ilk buharla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan otomobilini 1887&#8217;de tasarlad\u0131. Olds edindi\u011fi benzinli motor tecr\u00fcbesi ile 1899&#8217;da, Detroit&#8217;e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Olds Motor Works&#8217;\u00fc kurup d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyatl\u0131 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilgilibilgi.com\/arabalar-hakkinda-ilginc-bilgiler\/\">arabalar<\/a> \u00fcretti. 1901&#8217;de 425 &#8220;Curved Dash Olds&#8221; i \u00fcretti ve 1901-1904 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen otomobil \u00fcreticisi oldu.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Henry Ford<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Amerikan otomobil \u00fcreticisi Henry Ford (1863-1947) geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir montaj hatt\u0131 icat etti ve ilk konvey\u00f6r bant esasl\u0131 montaj hatt\u0131n\u0131 1913-14 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda,\u00a0 Ford&#8217;un Michigan Highland Park&#8217;taki otomobil fabrikas\u0131na kurdu. Montaj hatt\u0131, montaj zaman\u0131 azaltarak otomobillerin \u00fcretim maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ford&#8217;un \u00fcnl\u00fc Model T arabas\u0131 doksan \u00fc\u00e7 dakika i\u00e7inde topland\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Ford, &#8220;Quadricycle&#8221; olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 otomobilini Haziran 1896&#8217;da yapt\u0131. Ancak, ba\u015far\u0131 Ford Motor Company&#8217;yi 1903&#8217;te kurduktan sonra geldi. Bu, tasarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 otomobilleri \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kurulan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc otomobil \u00fcretim \u015firketiydi. 1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda Model T&#8217;yi tan\u0131tt\u0131. Hareketli montaj hatlar\u0131n\u0131 fabrikas\u0131na 1913 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurduktan sonra Ford d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck otomobil \u00fcreticisi konumuna geldi. 1927&#8217;de 15 milyon Model T \u00fcretildi.<\/p>\n<p>Henry Ford taraf\u0131ndan kazan\u0131lan bir ba\u015fka zafer, George B. Selden ile patent sava\u015f\u0131 oldu. Hi\u00e7 otomobil yapmam\u0131\u015f olan Selden, bir &#8220;yol motoru&#8221; \u00fczerine bir patenti vard\u0131; bu nedenle Selden&#8217;e t\u00fcm Amerikan otomobil \u00fcreticilerinden telif \u00fccreti \u00f6deniyordu. Bu durum araba fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltiyor ve sat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yordu. Ford, a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 dava ile Selden&#8217;\u0131n patentini iptal ettirerek, ucuz otomobillerin \u00fcretilebilmesi i\u00e7in Amerikan otomobil pazar\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n<p class=\"post-title entry-title fittexted_for_single_post_title\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/arabalar-hakkinda-85-ilginc-bilgi\/\">Arabalar hakk\u0131nda 85 ilgin\u00e7 bilgi<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130lk kendi kendine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan arabalar buhar motorlar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktayd\u0131 ve Frans\u0131z Nicolas Joseph Cugnot bu tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re ilk arabay\u0131 1769 yapan ki\u015fidir. \u00d6yleyse neden tarih kitaplar\u0131 araban\u0131n Gottlieb Daimler veya Karl&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8812,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[697,959],"class_list":["post-8809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-otomobil","tag-araba","tag-otomobil-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8809"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8809"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11595,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8809\/revisions\/11595"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8812"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}