\u0130lk lamba M.\u00d6. 70.000 civar\u0131nda icat edildi. Kal\u0131nt\u0131lardan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, yosun veya hayvansal ya\u011f ile \u0131slat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00a0 bir malzeme ate\u015f ile yak\u0131l\u0131yor ve ayd\u0131nlatma sa\u011flan\u0131yordu. M.\u00d6. 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Yunanl\u0131lar, el lambalar\u0131 yerine terra cotta lambalar\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar.\u00a0Lamba kelimesi, me\u015faleyi ifade eden Yunanca lampas kelimesinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, lamba tasar\u0131m\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir geli\u015fme olan gaz lambalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirildi. Yak\u0131t metal bir hazne i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131yordu. Yanman\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011funu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol etmek i\u00e7in ayarlanabilir bir metal borusu vard\u0131. Hem alevi korumak hem de alevi kontrol alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in lambalara k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck cam bacalar eklendi. \u0130svi\u00e7reli kimyager olan Ami Argand<\/strong>, ilk olarak 1783 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u00e7i bo\u015f\u00a0 cam bir fanusa sahip dairesel fitilli bir gaz lambas\u0131 kullanma esaslar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n \u0130lk ayd\u0131nlatma yak\u0131tlar\u0131, zeytinya\u011f\u0131, balmumu, bal\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131, balina ya\u011f\u0131, susam ya\u011f\u0131, f\u0131nd\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131 ve benzeri maddelerden olu\u015fuyordu. Bunlar, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna kadar en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131tlard\u0131. 1859 y\u0131l\u0131nda petrol sondaj\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131 ve ilk olarak 1853 y\u0131l\u0131nda Almanya’da tan\u0131t\u0131lan kerosen (bir petrol t\u00fcrevi) lamba yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n K\u00f6m\u00fcr ve do\u011fal gaz lambalar\u0131 da yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. K\u00f6m\u00fcr gaz\u0131, ilk olarak 1784 de bir ayd\u0131nlatma yak\u0131t\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n 1792’de, William Murdoch<\/strong>, Cornwall’daki Redruth’taki evini ayd\u0131nlatmak i\u00e7in k\u00f6m\u00fcr gaz\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda gaz ile ayd\u0131nlatmada ilk ticari kullan\u0131m ba\u015flad\u0131. Almanyada mucit Freidrich Winzer<\/strong> (Winsor), 1804’te k\u00f6m\u00fcr gaz\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131n\u0131 balaran ilk ki\u015fiydi ve 1799’da ah\u015faptan dam\u0131t\u0131lan bir gaz kullanarak “termolampe” nin patentini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n David Melville<\/strong>, 1810 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD’nin ilk gaz lambas\u0131 patentini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve Avrupa’daki pek \u00e7ok \u015fehrin sokaklar\u0131 ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sokaklarda gazla ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131, 1930’lu y\u0131llarda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 sodyum ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 c\u0131va ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131 ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda elektrikli ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n geli\u015fmesi evlerde gaz ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131n\u0131n yerini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130ngiltere’de Sir Humphrey Davy<\/strong>, 1801’de ilk elektrikli karbon ark lambas\u0131n\u0131 icat etti.<\/p>\n Bir karbon ark lambas\u0131, iki karbon \u00e7ubu\u011fun bir elektrik kayna\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 esas\u0131na dayan\u0131r. \u00c7ubuklar\u0131n bo\u015fta kalan u\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011fru mesafeden aral\u0131klarla yerle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle buharla\u015fan karbon gaz\u0131 bir yay i\u00e7inden akar ve yo\u011fun bir beyaz \u0131\u015f\u0131k meydana getirir.Gaz lambalar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Elektrikli Ampuller<\/h3>\n
Ark Lambalar\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h4>\n
\nFrans\u0131z A.E. Becquerel<\/strong>, 1857’de fl\u00fcoresan lamba hakk\u0131nda kuramsal bilgi vermi\u015ftir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 ark lambalar\u0131, al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 gaz plazmas\u0131 i\u00e7eren b\u00fcy\u00fck bir t\u00fcp kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\u0130lk Elektrikli Akkor Ampul<\/a><\/h3>\n