{"id":8927,"date":"2018-02-01T16:20:25","date_gmt":"2018-02-01T14:20:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8927"},"modified":"2018-10-03T16:42:52","modified_gmt":"2018-10-03T14:42:52","slug":"bilim-adamlari-buluslari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=8927","title":{"rendered":"Bilim adamlar\u0131 ve icatlar\u0131 bulu\u015flar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren, tarihteki en \u00fcnl\u00fc bilim adamlar\u0131<\/a> ve ke\u015fifleri, bulu\u015flar\u0131 ve icatlar\u0131 listesi<\/h2>\n

Luis Alvarez 1911 – 1988.<\/strong>
\n\u0130ridyum tabakas\u0131, g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131 etkisiyle dinozor \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve atom alt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131k ke\u015fifleri.<\/p>\n

Andr\u00e9-Marie Amp\u00e8re 1775 – 1836.<\/strong>
\nElektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan kablolar\u0131n manyetik olarak \u00e7ekip itebilece\u011fini ke\u015ffetti; elektromanyetik teoriyi kurdu.<\/p>\n

Anaximander c. M.\u00d6. 610 – M.\u00d6. 546.<\/strong>
\nAntik bir filozoftur. Gezegenimizin uzayda \u00f6zg\u00fcr oldu\u011funu ve bir \u015feye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan ilk ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n

Mary Anning 1799 – 1847.<\/strong>
\nEski hayvanlar, fosiller ve paleontoloji: Plesiosaur’un ilk tam \u00f6rne\u011fini ke\u015ffetti; dinozorlar\u0131n yeme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ar\u015fimet<\/a> c. M.\u00d6. 287 – M.\u00d6. 212.<\/strong>
\nMekanik ve hidrostatik bilimlerini kurdu. pi say\u0131sn\u0131 kesin olarak hesaplad\u0131 , \u00fcslerin yasas\u0131n\u0131 tasarlad\u0131, yeni geometrik ispatlar olu\u015fturdu, say\u0131s\u0131z dahice mekanik cihazlar icat etti.<\/p>\n

Aristarchus c. M.\u00d6. 310 – c. M.\u00d6. 230.<\/strong>
\n17. yy da Nicolaus Copernicus g\u00fcne\u015f sistemi fikrini ortaya atmadan \u00f6nce, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015fin etraf\u0131nda yuvarlak bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngede durdu\u011fu fikrini ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Aristoteles<\/a> M.\u00d6. 384 – M.\u00d6. 322.<\/strong>
\nAristo, felsefi fikirleri h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6\u011fretilen bir dehad\u0131r, ancak bilimsel metotlar\u0131 nedeniyle neredeyse iki bin y\u0131l kadar bilimde ilerlemeyi geciktirdi.<\/p>\n

Amedeo Avogadro 1776 – 1856.<\/strong>
\nElementlerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z atomlar yerine molek\u00fcller \u015feklinde varoldu\u011funun fark\u0131na varan ilk bilim adam\u0131; Avogadro yasas\u0131n\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Francis Bacon 1561 – 1626.<\/strong>
\nAristo’nun bilimsel metodu yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131ran bilimsel etkisinin temelini sallad\u0131, bilim mant\u0131\u011fa dayal\u0131 arg\u00fcmanlar yerine deney ve g\u00f6zlemlere dayand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Alexander Graham Bell<\/a> 1847 – 1922.<\/strong>
\nMetal detekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn, telefonun ve fotofonun mucididir.<\/p>\n

Daniel Bernoulli 1700 – 1782.<\/strong>
\nU\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanatlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan Bernoulli Etkisini ke\u015ffetti. Gazlardaki par\u00e7ac\u0131k h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 kinetik bir teori form\u00fcle etti; risk teorisinde b\u00fcy\u00fck ke\u015fifler yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Elizabeth Blackwell 1821 – 1910.<\/strong>
\nAmerika’da hekimlik yapmaya hak kazanan ilk kad\u0131n; Amerika’n\u0131n ilk kad\u0131n t\u0131p fak\u00fcltesinin kurucusu.<\/p>\n

Niels Bohr<\/a> 1885 – 1962.<\/strong>
\nAtomu yeniden modelleyerek kuantum mekani\u011fi kurdu.<\/p>\n

S. N. Bose 1894 – 1974.<\/strong>
\nAyn\u0131 renkteki \u0131\u015f\u0131k fotonlar\u0131n\u0131n birbirinden ay\u0131rt edilemeyece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine dayanan, Planck radyasyon yasas\u0131n\u0131n alternatif bir t\u00fcrevi ile kuantum istatistikleri olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

Robert Boyle 1627 – 1691.<\/strong>
\nSimya ve mistisizme g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fcl kimyay\u0131 bilimini, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcme dayal\u0131 bir hale d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. Elementleri, bile\u015fikleri ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 tan\u0131md\u0131. \u0130lk gaz kanunu – Boyle Yasas\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Tycho Brahe<\/a> 1546 – 1601.<\/strong>
\n\u015eimdiye kadar derlenmi\u015f ve Mars’\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmemi\u015f en iyi y\u0131ld\u0131z katalo\u011funu \u00fcretti. Kepler’in gezegensel hareket kanunlar\u0131 ve Newton’un yer \u00e7ekimi kanunlar\u0131n\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Brahmagupta 597 – 668.<\/strong>
\nS\u0131f\u0131r say\u0131 olarak kabul ettirdi ve matematiksel \u00f6zelliklerini tan\u0131mlad\u0131; \u0130kinci dereceden denklemlerin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in form\u00fcl buldu.<\/p>\n

Robert Bunsen 1811 – 1899.<\/strong>
\nSezyum ve rubidyum’u ke\u015ffetti. Arsenik zehirlenmesinin panzehirini ke\u015ffetti. \u00c7inko-karbon pil ve fla\u015fl\u0131 foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. Gayzerlerin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal 1852 – 1934.<\/strong>
\nModern sinirbilimin kurucusu: n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n, birbirlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 h\u00fccrelerden ziyade biyokimyasal olarak farkl\u0131 h\u00fccreler gibi davrand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen doktrini kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Rachel Carson 1907 – 1964.<\/strong>
\n20. y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00e7evrecili\u011finin kurucusu olan Silent Spring’in kitab\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131. DDT gibi kimyasallar\u0131n \u00e7evre \u00fczerindeki etkisinin yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Onun sayesinde \u00e7evreye zararl\u0131 kimyasallara yasaklar ve a\u011f\u0131r k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getirildi.<\/p>\n

James Chadwick 1891 – 1974.<\/strong>
\n\u0130ngiliz bilim adam\u0131 N\u00f6tron<\/a> ke\u015ffetti ve Atom Bombas\u0131<\/a> projesi olan Manhattan Projesi’nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bilim adamlar\u0131na yol g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar 1910 – 1995.<\/strong>
\nB\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n sonsuz yo\u011funlu\u011fa eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in kendi yer\u00e7ekiminde \u00e7\u00f6kebileceklerini ke\u015ffetti. Bug\u00fcn bu \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131zlara kara delik deniyor.<\/p>\n

Erwin Chargaff 1905 – 2002.
\nChargaff’\u0131n kurallar\u0131 DNA’n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmenin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Nicolaus Copernicus (Kopernik)<\/a> 1473 – 1543.<\/strong>
\nG\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde de\u011fil, g\u00fcne\u015f \u00fczerinde merkezlendi\u011fi konusundaki inanc\u0131n\u0131 anlatan “G\u00f6ksel K\u00fcreler Devrimleri” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131 ile bilimsel devrimi ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Jacques Cousteau 1910 – 1997.<\/strong>
\nOscar kazanan deniz \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc; SCUBA dal\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 nefes borusunu tasarlad\u0131; Birka\u00e7 televizyon dizisi ile pop\u00fcler olan deniz biyolojisti.<\/p>\n

Francis Crick 1916 – 2004.<\/strong>
\nKodlanm\u0131\u015f DNA’n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 ve replikasyon mekanizmas\u0131; S\u0131ra \u0130fadesi ve Merkezi Dogmay\u0131 kurdu; DNA’n\u0131n, amino asitlerden protein olu\u015fumunu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in bir \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kod kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Marie Curie<\/a> 1867 – 1934.<\/strong>
\nRadyum ve polonyumun kimyasal elementlerini ke\u015ffetti; radyoaktif elementlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6nc\u00fc katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur; radyasyon ile t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin tedavisine ili\u015fkin ilk ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

John Dalton 1766 – 1844.<\/strong>
\nDalton Atomik Teorisi kimyan\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturdu. Gazlar\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hacmi ve bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile ilgili Gay-Lussac Yasas\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. K\u0131smi gaz bas\u0131nc\u0131 yasas\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

John Napier<\/a> 1550 – 1617.<\/strong>
\nMatematiksel hesaplamalar\u0131n \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan logaritmay\u0131 buldu<\/a>, Ayr\u0131ca ilk mekanik \u00e7arpma ve b\u00f6lme makinesini icat etti.<\/p>\n

Charles Darwin 1809 – 1882.<\/strong>
\nTarihin en \u00fcnl\u00fc kitaplar\u0131ndan biri olan “T\u00fcrlerin K\u00f6keni \u00dczerine” adl\u0131 eserinde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve evrim teorisinin do\u011fal seleksiyonla oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ren\u00e9 Descartes 1596 – 1650.<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcm zamanlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck filozoflar\u0131ndan biri; bilimsel y\u00f6ntemde \u015f\u00fcphecili\u011fin savunucusu; analitik geometrinin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kurucusu da dahil olmak \u00fczere yeni matematiksel fikirlerin yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131. Kartezyen koordinatlar\u0131 olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

Paul Dirac 1902 – 1984.<\/strong>
\nBirle\u015ftirilmi\u015f kuantum mekani\u011fi ve par\u00e7ac\u0131k d\u00f6nmesinin k\u00f6kenini a\u00e7\u0131klayan \u00f6zel g\u00f6relilik; antimadde kavram\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; Kuantum elektrodinami\u011fini kurdu.<\/p>\n

Albert Einstein<\/a> 1879 – 1955.<\/strong>
\nEinstein’\u0131n \u00f6zel ve genel g\u00f6relilik teorileri, \u0131\u015f\u0131k, yer\u00e7ekimi ve zaman anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda dikkat \u00e7ekici bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm sa\u011flad\u0131; \u00f6zel g\u00f6relilik, tarihteki en \u00fcnl\u00fc denklemi E = mc2 olarak kurdu. Einstein fotoelektrik etkiyi a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Atomlar\u0131n ve molek\u00fcllerin ger\u00e7ekten var oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kan\u0131tlar sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Empedokles M.\u00d6. 490 – M. 430.<\/strong>
\nAntik bir do\u011fal seleksiyon teorisi kurdu.<\/p>\n

Eratosthenes M.\u00d6. 276 – M.\u00d6. 194.<\/strong>
\nD\u00fcnya’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 2,500 y\u0131l \u00f6nce do\u011fruca hesaplad\u0131; co\u011frafya bilimini kurdu; ve \u00fcnl\u00fc asal say\u0131lar\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n

Michael Faraday<\/a> 1791 – 1867.<\/strong>
\nElektromanyetik ind\u00fcksiyonu ke\u015ffetti; Faraday elektroliz kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 tasarlad\u0131; \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve manyetizma aras\u0131ndaki ilk deneysel ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; Bir gaz\u0131n oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk\u00a0 s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi; benzeni ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Pierre de Fermat 1607 – 1665.<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcm zamanlar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck matematik\u00e7ilerinden biridir: analitik geometri ve olas\u0131l\u0131k teorisi disiplinlerini kurdu.<\/p>\n

Fibonacci 1170 – 1245.<\/strong>
\nBat\u0131l\u0131 matemati\u011fin yeniden do\u011fu\u015fu: Fibonacci’nin Hesaplama Kitab\u0131 \u015fimdi d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan Hint say\u0131 sistemini Avrupa’ya tan\u0131tt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ronald Fisher 1890 – 1962.<\/strong>
\nDeneysel tasar\u0131m icat etti; istatistiksel varyans kavram\u0131n\u0131 tasarlad\u0131; yeni se\u00e7ilmi\u015f n\u00fcfus geneti\u011fi alan\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan Mendel’in miras kurallar\u0131yla do\u011fal seleksiyon yoluyla birle\u015fik evrim terosi kurdu.<\/p>\n

Alexander Fleming 1881 – 1955.<\/strong>
\nYaralar ve enfeksiyonlar\u0131n antiseptik ajanlarla tedavi edilmesinin, herhangi bir \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmad\u0131k\u00e7a \u00f6l\u00fcme neden oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti. Penisilin ke\u015ffetti ve antibiyotik diren\u00e7li bakterilerin y\u00fckseli\u015fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Benjamin Franklin 1881 – 1955.<\/strong>
\nABD’nin kurucu babas\u0131 Franklin, elektrik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u015fekillendirdi, elektrik terimlerini pozitif ve negatif hale getirdi. paratoner ve iki odakl\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u00fckleri icat etti.<\/p>\n

Rosalind Franklin 1920 – 1958.<\/strong>
\nDNA’n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan deneysel verilerin \u00e7o\u011funu ispatlad\u0131. DNA’n\u0131n iki \u015fekilde var olabilece\u011fini ke\u015ffetti. K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn, molek\u00fcler bir elek g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Galen 129 – 216<\/strong>
\nGladyat\u00f6rlere hekimlik yapt\u0131 ve diyet ile sa\u011fl\u0131k aras\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulmu\u015ftur. Galen, Bat\u0131 ve Arap t\u0131bb\u0131na 1500 y\u0131ld\u0131r hakim olan hatal\u0131 bir doktrin yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Galileo Galilei<\/a> 1564 – 1642.<\/strong>
\nModern bilimin babas\u0131 olan Galileo, \u015fimdiye kadar ba\u015fka bir gezegenin y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde bulundu\u011fu bilinen ilk aylar\u0131 ke\u015ffetti ve Samanyolu’nun y\u0131ld\u0131zlardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti. Nesnelerin yer \u00e7ekiminden nas\u0131l etkilendi\u011fini, atalet ilkesini belirtti ve ilk g\u00f6relilik teorisini rasyonalize etti.<\/p>\n

Carl Friedrich Gauss 1777 – 1855.<\/strong>
\nT\u00fcm matemati\u011fin son efendisi olan Gauss, say\u0131 teorisini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi ve en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kareler metodunu ve h\u0131zl\u0131 Fourier d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc icat etti. Fiziksel bilimlere yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 derin katk\u0131lar, Gauss Yasas\u0131 ve Gauss Yasas\u0131 i\u00e7in Manyetizma’y\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n

Willard Gibbs 1839 – 1903.<\/strong>
\nGibbs vekt\u00f6r analizini icat etti ve modern istatistik mekani\u011fi ve kimyasal termodinamik bilimlerini kurdu.<\/p>\n

Jane Goodall 1934 do\u011fumlu.<\/strong>
\n\u015eempanze davran\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ke\u015fifler yapt\u0131; \u015fempanzelerin insanlara benzer sosyal davran\u0131\u015flara sahip olduklar\u0131n\u0131, ayr\u0131ca ara\u00e7 yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, et yemek yemelerini ve avlamalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

William Harvey 1578 – 1657.<\/strong>
\nKan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ilk kez a\u00e7\u0131klayan, tam bir devre ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ve kalpte bitti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Joseph Henry 1797 – 1878.<\/strong>
\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc elektrom\u0131knat\u0131slar\u0131n\u0131 in\u015fa etti; Faraday’dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z elektromanyetik ind\u00fcksiyon ke\u015ffetti; Samuel Morse’nin telgraf\u0131 icat etmesi<\/a>ne izin veren bilimsel at\u0131l\u0131mlar yapt\u0131. Elektrik end\u00fcktans\u0131 birimi onuruna verilir.<\/p>\n

Heinrich Hertz<\/a> 1857 – 1894.<\/strong>
\nJames Clerk Maxwell’in elektromanyetizma teorisini ispatlayan radyo dalgalar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; kuantum d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ipucu veren fotoelektrik etkiyi<\/a> ke\u015ffetti. S\u0131kl\u0131k birimi onun ismi ile adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

David Hilbert 1862 – 1943.<\/strong>
\n23 problemi ile tan\u0131nan Hilbert, matemati\u011fini yeni boyutlara ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. 2000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ait \u00d6klid’in aksiyomlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek 2D ve 3D geometrinin birle\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011flad\u0131; ileri fizik biliminde gerekli olan Hilbert Space’i yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hipparchus M.\u00d6. 190 – M.\u00d6. 120.<\/strong>
\nEski\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim adamlar\u0131ndan biri: matemati\u011fin trigonometri disiplinini kurdu; d\u00fcnya-ay mesafesini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc; Ekinokslar\u0131n \u00f6ncesi at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; 850’den fazla y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belgeledi; onun kombinasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 1870’e kadar e\u015fsizdi.<\/p>\n

Robert Hooke 1635 – 1703.<\/strong>
\nH\u00fccreleri ke\u015ffetti ve bilimsel tarihteki en \u00f6nemli kitaplardan biri olan Mikrografi yi yazarak, mikroskobik d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ilk defa ortaya koydu; Fizikte Hooke yasas\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; cep saatlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan denge yay\u0131n\u0131 icat etti.<\/p>\n

Grace Hopper 1906 – 1992.<\/strong>
\nElektronik bilgisayarlar\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc. \u0130lk derleyiciyi icat etti ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan bilgisayar dilini olu\u015fturan COBOL’un ba\u015f mimar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Jack Horner 1946 –\u00a0<\/strong>
\nBilimin pop\u00fclerle\u015ftiricisi: Dinozorlar\u0131n gen\u00e7leri ve baz\u0131lar\u0131 koloniler i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti. Dinozor DNA’s\u0131 ile dinazorlar\u0131 yeniden canland\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

James Hutton 1726 – 1797.<\/strong>
\nKaya\u00e7lar\u0131 nas\u0131l yorumlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffederek modern jeolojiyi kurdu. Bulundu\u011fumuz d\u00fcnya \u00f6nceden inan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha eskidir ve d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n erozyon ve birikim gibi do\u011fal s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle \u015fekillendi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen \u00fcniformitarizm ilkesini geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Irene Joliot-Curie<\/a> 1897 – 1956.<\/strong>
\nKararl\u0131 kimyasal elementlerin “tasar\u0131mc\u0131” radyoaktif elementlere nas\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fini ke\u015ffetti; bunlar milyonlarca insan\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kurtarm\u0131\u015f ve her y\u0131l on milyonlarca medikal prosed\u00fcrde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Michio Kaku 1947 –\u00a0<\/strong>
\nBilimin pop\u00fclerle\u015ftircisi, f\u00fct\u00fcrist ve sicim alan teorisinin kurucusudur.<\/p>\n

\u00d6mer Hayyam 1048 – 1131.<\/strong>
\nBir \u015fair, filozof ve bilim adam\u0131 olan Hayyam, bir y\u0131l\u0131n uzunlu\u011funu o g\u00fcne kadarki en do\u011fru de\u011ferle hesaplad\u0131 ve konik kesitlerin kesi\u015fimlerinin k\u00fcbik denklemlerin geometrik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Johannes Kepler<\/a> 1571 – 1630.<\/strong>
\nG\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin gezegenlerinin eliptik y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri izledi\u011fini ke\u015ffetti; yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki gelgitlerin aslen ay nedeniyle oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi; logaritmalar\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlad\u0131; I\u015f\u0131k yo\u011funlu\u011funun ters kare yasas\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; Gezegensel hareket kanunlar\u0131 Newton’u \u00e7ekim kanununa \u00f6nderlik etti.<\/p>\n

Stephanie Kwolek 1923 – 2014.<\/strong>
\nKur\u015fun ge\u00e7irmez v\u00fccut z\u0131rh\u0131ndan tenis raket tellerine kadar uzanan uygulamalarda kullan\u0131lan inan\u0131lmaz derecede g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc plastik olan kevlar\u0131 icat etti.<\/p>\n

Antoine Lavoisier 1743 – 1794.<\/strong>
\nModern kimyan\u0131n kurucusu; oksijenin yanma ve solunumdaki rol\u00fcn\u00fc ke\u015ffetti; suyun hidrojen ve oksijen bile\u015fi\u011fi oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti; elmas ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn karbon diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131 elementin farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerinde oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek<\/a> 1632 – 1723.<\/strong>
\nMikrobiyolojinin babas\u0131, tek h\u00fccreli hayvanlar ve bitkiler, bakteriler ve sperm h\u00fccrelerini ke\u015ffetti. Ayn\u0131 zamanda\u00a0mikroskopu icat etti.<\/p>\n

Inge Lehmann 1888 – 1993.<\/strong>
\nAnalitik deprem dalgalar\u0131, gezegenimizin \u00e7ekirde\u011finin s\u0131v\u0131 ve onu \u00e7evreleyen 1.000 km’den daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kat\u0131 \u00e7ekirdek bulundu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Carolus Linnaeus 1707 – 1778.<\/strong>
\nDo\u011fal d\u00fcnya hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc, t\u00fcm ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imlerini s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki par\u00e7al\u0131 adland\u0131rma sistemi ile organize etti; Yakla\u015f\u0131k 13.000 ya\u015fam formunu adland\u0131r\u0131p s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rd\u0131; \u0130nsanlar\u0131 di\u011fer ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imleriyle ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rarak geleneklerden koptu.<\/p>\n

Ada Lovelace 1815 – 1852.<\/strong>
\nBilgisayar bilimlerinin annesi; ilk yay\u0131nlanan bilgisayar program\u0131n\u0131 icat etmi\u015ftir. Bilgisayarlar\u0131n matematiksel hesaplamalardan daha fazla \u015fey yapabilece\u011fini g\u00f6ren ilk ki\u015fi oldu; alfabedeki notalar ve harflerin bilgisayarlar taraf\u0131ndan manip\u00fcle edilmesi i\u00e7in say\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Jane Marcet 1769 – 1858.<\/strong>
\nKimya Konu\u015fmalar\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131, k\u0131zlar ve yoksullar gibi az \u00f6rg\u00fcn e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f insanlar i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan zaman\u0131 i\u00e7in e\u015fsiz bir ders kitab\u0131d\u0131r. Kitap Michael Faraday’a fakirli\u011fin \u00fcstesinden gelip b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bilim adam\u0131 olabilmesi i\u00e7in ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

James Clerk Maxwell 1831 – 1879.<\/strong>
\nDo\u011fa anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi: onun \u00fcnl\u00fc denklemleri, elektri\u011fin ve manyetizma kuvvetlerini bir araya getirerek \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir elektromanyetik dalga oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Kinetik kuram\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tamamen par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n hareketine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Barbara McClintock 1902 – 1992.<\/strong>
\nGenetikte \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7t\u0131: genlerin bir organizman\u0131n fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerini belirledi\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi; t\u00fcrlerdeki genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi artt\u0131ran kromozomal \u00e7aprazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; transpozisyonu (genler kromozomlar i\u00e7inde hareket edebilmesi) ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Lise Meitner 1878 – 1968.<\/strong>
\nN\u00fckleer fisyonun muazzam miktarda enerji \u00fcretece\u011fini ke\u015ffetti; radyoaktif geri tepme fenomenini ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Gregor Mendel<\/a> 1822 – 1884.<\/strong>
\nGenetik bilimini kurdu; kal\u0131t\u0131m kurallar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu tan\u0131mlad\u0131; resesif ve bask\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri belirledi ve \u00f6zelliklerin anne-babadan matematiksel olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir \u015fekilde yavrulara ge\u00e7ti\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dmitri Mendeleev 1834 – 1907.<\/strong>
\nPeriyodik tabloyu icat etti. Alt\u0131 yeni kimyasal elementin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6zelliklerini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde belirlemek etmek i\u00e7in periyodik tablonun d\u00fczenleyici ilkelerinden yararland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Henry Moseley 1887 – 1915.<\/strong>
\nHer elementin kimli\u011finin, periyodik tablonun ger\u00e7ek organizasyon ilkesini olu\u015fturan proton say\u0131s\u0131yla benzersiz bir \u015fekilde belirlendi\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131; d\u00f6rt yeni kimyasal element varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc; Atom pilini icat etti.<\/p>\n

Isaac Newton<\/a> 1643 – 1727.<\/strong>
\nEvrensel yer\u00e7ekimi yasas\u0131 ve hareket yasalar\u0131 ile do\u011fa anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirdi;\u00a0Fizik bilimlere egemen olan matematik alan\u0131 i\u00e7in calculus icat etti. Binom teoremini genelle\u015ftirdi; \u0130lk defa yans\u0131tan teleskop in\u015fa etti; g\u00f6kku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm renklerini g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Florence Nightingale 1820 – 1910.<\/strong>
\nHem\u015fireli\u011fi sayg\u0131n, y\u00fcksek e\u011fitimli bir mesle\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr; Daha geni\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131k sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 analiz etmek i\u00e7in istatistikler kulland\u0131; 1871 ve 1935 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 reformlar sayesinde ortalama insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc 20 y\u0131l uzatmaya katk\u0131da bulundu.<\/p>\n

Alfred Nobel 1833 – 1896.<\/strong>
\nDinamiti icat etti, kumlama kapa\u011f\u0131, gelignit ve balistit; patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde patenti ve \u00fcretimi ile muazzam \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zenginle\u015fti; bilim, edebiyat ve bar\u0131\u015f alan\u0131nda y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6d\u00fcller vermek i\u00e7in t\u00fcm servetini kulland\u0131. Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc icat etti.<\/p>\n

Emmy Noether 1882 – 1935.<\/strong>
\nMuhtemelen tarihteki en b\u00fcy\u00fck kad\u0131n matematik\u00e7i olan Noether’in teoremi evrenimizin temel bir m\u00fclkiyetini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bu da her koruma yasas\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmez bir maddedir. Soyut cebirin kurucusu matematikte devrim yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hans Christian Oersted 1777 – 1851.<\/strong>
\nElektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131nlardaki bir manyetik i\u011fnenin hareket etmesine neden oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde elektromanyetizma ke\u015ffedildi; piperine’i ke\u015ffetti ve aliminyum elementinin ilk izolasyonunu sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Louis Pasteur 1822 – 1895.<\/strong>
\nModern mikrobiyolojinin babas\u0131; Ayna-g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc molek\u00fcllerini ke\u015ffederek kimyay\u0131 ve biyolojiyi de\u011fi\u015ftirdi; anaerobik bakteriyi ke\u015ffetti; hastal\u0131klara mikroplar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu teorisini kurdu; Past\u00f6rizasyonla g\u0131dan\u0131n muhafaza edilmesini icat etti.<\/p>\n

Linus Pauling 1901 – 1994.<\/strong>
\nKimya dahisi; form\u00fcle edilmi\u015f valans ba\u011f teorisi ve elektronegatiflik; kuantum kimyas\u0131, molek\u00fcler biyoloji ve molek\u00fcler genetik alanlar\u0131n\u0131 kurdu. Proteinlerin alfa-heliks yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; orak h\u00fccre anemisinin molek\u00fcler bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011funu ispatlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Marguerite Perey 1909 – 1975.<\/strong>
\nDo\u011fal olarak bulunan en son kimyasal element olan Francium’u ke\u015ffetti. O zamandan beri b\u00fct\u00fcn elementler yapay olarak \u00fcretildi.<\/p>\n

Max Planck 1858 – 1947.<\/strong>
\n\u00d6nerisi ile kurulan kuantum teorisi, s\u0131cak nesneler yaln\u0131zca izin verilen belirli enerji de\u011ferlerini yayar; bu \u015fu anda Planck sabiti olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir say\u0131n\u0131n katlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Karl Popper 1902 – 1994.<\/strong>
\nKarl Popper, bilim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi; bilim teorilerinin yaln\u0131zca yan\u0131lsama ile test edilebilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdu. Bilimsel metodun hipotezik olarak t\u00fcmdengelimli modeli, eski t\u00fcmdengelimli ve end\u00fcktif modellerin yerini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pisagor c. M.\u00d6.570 – M.\u00d6. 497.<\/strong>
\nPisagor evrenin matematik kullan\u0131larak in\u015fa edildi\u011fine ve her \u015feyin rakamlarla tan\u0131mlanabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yorlard\u0131; matematik ve m\u00fczik aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011f kurdu; Pythagoras teorisini ispatlad\u0131; irrasyonel say\u0131lar ke\u015ffetti; Platonik Kat\u0131lar\u0131 ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

C. V. Raman 1888 – 1970.<\/strong>
\nI\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bir molek\u00fcle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir enerji miktar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayabilece\u011fini, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n rengini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini ve molek\u00fcl\u00fcn titre\u015fmesini sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini ke\u015ffetti. Renk de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi molek\u00fclleri tan\u0131mlamak ve kanser gibi hastal\u0131klar\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131, molek\u00fcller i\u00e7in bir ‘parmak izi’ g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Srinivasa Ramanujan 1887 – 1920.<\/strong>
\nB\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kendi kendine metmati\u011fi \u00f6\u011frendi. Say\u0131lar teorisini binlerce denklem ve teorem ile zenginle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

Ernest Rutherford 1871 – 1937.<\/strong>
\nN\u00fckleer kimya ve n\u00fckleer fizik bilimlerinin babas\u0131; atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fini, protonu, alfa par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve beta par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti ve adland\u0131rd\u0131; n\u00fckleer yar\u0131 \u00f6m\u00fcr kavram\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; ilk olarak bir elementin di\u011ferine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc laboratuvarda ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Theodor Schwann 1810 – 1882.<\/strong>
\nH\u00fccrenin t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar\u0131n temel birimi oldu\u011fu kan\u0131tlad\u0131; h\u00fccrelerinin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 modern histolojinin temelini olu\u015fturur; enzim pepsini ke\u015ffetti; mikroorganizmalar\u0131n alkol fermantasyonunda oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rol\u00fc tespit etti.<\/p>\n

Glenn Seaborg 1912- 1999.<\/strong>
\nPeriyodik cetvelinde yer alan on kimyasal elementi ke\u015ffetti. Elemanlar\u0131n elektronik yap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, periyodik cetvelin yeniden yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gen Shoemaker 1928 – 1997.<\/strong>
\n\u0130lk astrojeolog ve gezegensel etki biliminin kurucusu; D\u00fcnyadaki b\u00fcy\u00fck kraterlerin volkanik faaliyet yerine asteroitler ve kuyruklu y\u0131ld\u0131zlar ile \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

B. F. Skinner 1904 – 1990.<\/strong>
\n20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en etkili psikolo\u011fu; Davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k bilimine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti; \u00f6\u011frenmede pozitif etki g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ke\u015ffetti; niceliksel olarak tekrarlanabilir sonu\u00e7lar \u00fcreten ilk psikolojik deneyleri tasarlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Nettie Stevens 1861 – 1912.<\/strong>
\nBir organizman\u0131n cinsiyetinin \u015fimdi XY cinsiyet belirleme sistemi olarak bilinen kromozomlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlendi\u011fini ke\u015ffetti. Bu ke\u015fif, fiziksel bir \u00f6zellik ile kromozom farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ilk kez bir ba\u011flant\u0131 oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Miletli Tales<\/a>\u00a0M.\u00d6. 624 – M.\u00d6. 546<\/strong>
\nTarihin ilk bilim adam\u0131<\/a> olan Thales, do\u011fan\u0131n d\u00fcnyay\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayan kal\u0131plar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Bat\u0131l inan\u00e7lar\u0131 bilimle de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Geometride yeni sonu\u00e7lar bulmak i\u00e7in t\u00fcmdengelim mant\u0131k kullanan ilk ki\u015fi oldu.<\/p>\n

J. J. Thomson 1856 – 1940.<\/strong>
\nElektronu ke\u015ffetti; analitik kimyadaki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ara\u00e7lardan biri olan k\u00fctle spektrometresini icat etti, kararl\u0131 elementlerin izotoplar\u0131 i\u00e7in ilk kan\u0131tlar\u0131 elde etti.<\/p>\n

Harold Urey 1893 – 1981.<\/strong>
\nD\u00f6teryum’u ke\u015ffetti; kayalardaki izotop oranlar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f D\u00fcnya iklimlerini nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi; Modern gezegen bilimini kurdu; Miller-Urey deneyinde, elektrikle k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlanan basit gazlar\u0131n, ya\u015fam\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131 olan amino asitler \u00fcretti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Andreas Vesalius 1514 – 1564.<\/strong>
\nModern anatomiyi kurdu, bin y\u0131ldan uzun s\u00fcre devam eden v\u00fccut hakk\u0131ndaki yanl\u0131\u015f anlamalar\u0131 d\u00fczeltti.<\/p>\n

Rudolf Virchow 1821 – 1902.<\/strong>
\nHem patolojinin hem de sosyal t\u0131bb\u0131n kurucusu olan Virchow, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n hatal\u0131 h\u00fccrelerden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde tespit etti. Embolizm, tromboz, kordoma ve okronoza ili\u015fkin ko\u015fullar\u0131 kataloglayan ilk isim olarak\u00a0L\u00f6semi ad\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Alessandro Volta 1745 – 1827.<\/strong>
\nElektrik biliminin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc; elektrik pilini icat etti; ilk elektromotor seriyi yazd\u0131; \u0130lk kez\u00a0metan\u0131 izole etti. metan-hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorun temeli olan elektrikli bir k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m kullanarak patlayabilece\u011fini ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Alfred R. Wallace 1823 – 1913.<\/strong>
\nDo\u011fal seleksiyonla evrim teorisini ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak form\u00fcle etti; insan faaliyetlerinin do\u011fal d\u00fcnyaya etkileri hakk\u0131nda endi\u015feleri dile getiren ilk biyologlardan biriydi.<\/p>\n

James Watt 1736 – 1819.<\/strong>
\nSanayi devriminin babas\u0131; buhar motorunu k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015ftirerek geli\u015ftirdi; y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 buhar motorlar\u0131n\u0131 icat etti; ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z latent \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 ke\u015ffetti; d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk kopyalama makinesini icat etti.<\/p>\n

Alfred Wegener 1880 – 1930.<\/strong>
\nGezegenimizin bir zamanlar milyonlarca y\u0131lda b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olan Pangea adl\u0131 tek bir b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131tay\u0131 ku\u015fatan okyanuslardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu ve bug\u00fcn g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u0131talar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek olu\u015fturdu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek k\u0131tasal kaymay\u0131 ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Sergei Winogradsky 1856 – 1953.<\/strong>
\nMikrobiyal ekolojiyi kurdu; G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ziyade kimyasal reaksiyonlardan enerji elde eden kemosentetik ya\u015fam formlar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti;\u00a0Ye\u015fil bitkiler i\u00e7in toprakta yer alan Nitratlar\u0131-azot bakterilerini ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n

Chen-Ning Yang 1922 –\u00a0<\/strong>
\nYang-Mills teorisi, Fizikte Standart Model haline geldi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren, tarihteki en \u00fcnl\u00fc bilim adamlar\u0131 ve ke\u015fifleri, bulu\u015flar\u0131 ve icatlar\u0131 listesi Luis Alvarez 1911 – 1988. \u0130ridyum tabakas\u0131, g\u00f6kta\u015f\u0131 etkisiyle dinozor \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve atom alt\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131k ke\u015fifleri. Andr\u00e9-Marie…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8930,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2369],"tags":[3089,2498],"class_list":["post-8927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mucitler","tag-bilim-adamlari","tag-bilim-adamlari-ve-icatlari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8927"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8927"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12262,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8927\/revisions\/12262"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}