{"id":9263,"date":"2018-02-10T00:53:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-09T22:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=9263"},"modified":"2018-09-19T15:54:53","modified_gmt":"2018-09-19T13:54:53","slug":"galileo-galilei-kimdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=9263","title":{"rendered":"Galileo Galilei Kimdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Galileo Galilei hayat\u0131, bulu\u015flar\u0131, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, eserleri,\u00a0kitaplar\u0131 ve neyi buldu<\/h2>\n

Galileo Galilei (15 \u015eubat 1564 – 8 Ocak 1642) \u0130talyan fizik\u00e7i, matematik\u00e7i, g\u00f6kbilimci ve enstr\u00fcman yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130talya’n\u0131n Pisa \u015fehrinde do\u011fdu. Padua ve Pisa’da matematik ve do\u011fa bilimleri profes\u00f6r\u00fc olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde icatlar\u0131 ve bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Katolik Kilisesi ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 nedeniyle, Engizisyon taraf\u0131ndan sapk\u0131nl\u0131kla yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 ile de bilinlektedir.<\/p>\n

1600 y\u0131l\u0131nda Galileo, Marina Gamba ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Evlenmediler, fakat \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocuk sahibi oldular.<\/p>\n

Galileo, be\u015f karde\u015fin en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak Pisa’da do\u011fdu. Babas\u0131 bir bilim adam\u0131 ve m\u00fczisyen olan Vincenzo Galilei idi. 1574 y\u0131l\u0131nda Galileo ailesi Floransa’ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve resmi e\u011fitimine Camaldol manast\u0131r\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. Floransa Yenilik\u00e7i R\u00f6nesans d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin etkin oldu\u011fu bir \u015fehirdi.\u00a01589 y\u0131l\u0131nda profes\u00f6r \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. Galileo Galilei deney ve g\u00f6zleme dayanan bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma metodlar\u0131 nedeniyle k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede tan\u0131nan biri haline geldi.<\/p>\n

Astronomi<\/h3>\n

Baz\u0131 insanlar Galileo’nun bir teleskopu icat eden ilk ki\u015fi oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorlar. Bu do\u011fru bir bilgi de\u011fil, ancak teleskop ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 astronomik objeler hakk\u0131ndaki g\u00f6zlemlerini yay\u0131nlayan ilk ki\u015fidir. Samanyolu’nun bir\u00e7ok y\u0131ld\u0131zdan olu\u015ftu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti. Ay’\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde tepeler oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffetti. J\u00fcpiter \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6rt ay buldu. Bu uydulara \u015fimdi Galileo aylar\u0131 deniyor. G\u00fcne\u015f’in karanl\u0131k alanlar\u0131ndan olan g\u00fcne\u015f lekelerini ke\u015ffetti. Ven\u00fcs gezegeninin Ay gibi hafif ve karanl\u0131k fazlara sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bu, Nicholas Copernicus’un s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi, insanlar\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f’in G\u00fcne\u015f Sisteminin merkezinde oldu\u011funu anlamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Fizik<\/h3>\n

Galileo ayr\u0131ca do\u011fal kuvvetler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve \u015fu an kinematik olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan fizik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kinematik g\u00f6relilik ke\u015ffi de dahil olmak \u00fczere en \u00f6nemli ke\u015ffedicilerinden biriydi. Bununla birlikte, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyen ya da ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011fu \u015feyler i\u00e7in hat\u0131rlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pisa katedralinin tavan\u0131ndan sarkan lambay\u0131 inceleyerek, sal\u0131n\u0131mlar\u0131n e\u015fzamanl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve sarkac\u0131n zaman\u0131 belirlemede kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini kavrad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Pisa Kulesi’ne t\u0131rmanarak ve hangisinin \u00f6nce yere \u00e7arpaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klardaki toplar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek deney yapt\u0131. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 ayn\u0131 olmasa da toplar, ayn\u0131 anda yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler. Galileo, r\u00fczgar direnci gibi \u015feylerin oran\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmedik\u00e7e nesnelerin ayn\u0131 h\u0131zda yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bulmu\u015ftu. Bu teori eski bir filozof Aristo<\/a>‘nun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Fakat Galileo’nun bulgular\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu insan taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zard\u0131 edildi ve Aristoteles’in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri, Isaac Newton<\/a>‘un Galileo’nun hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ispat edene kadar do\u011fru kabul edildi. Galileo Galilei’nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda Newton’un Yer\u00e7ekimi Kanunu<\/a>‘nu bulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Galileo da \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir tepeye t\u0131rmand\u0131 ve asistan\u0131n ba\u015fka bir tepeye t\u0131rmanmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi, her ikisi de fenerlerinin kapaklar\u0131 kapal\u0131yd\u0131. \u00d6nce Galileo fenerinin kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Asistan\u0131, Galileo’nun fenerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce kendisininkini a\u00e7t\u0131. Galileo asistan\u0131n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131mas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcreyi \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc. Zaman fark\u0131n\u0131 ve tepeler aras\u0131ndaki mesafeyi hesaba katarak, \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak, bu deney ile bir sonuca varamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sapk\u0131nl\u0131k davas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Galileo, Copernicus’un bulgular\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru olarak kabul etti; G\u00fcne\u015f, o zamanlar bilinen evrenin de\u011fil, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n merkezi idi. Bu ve di\u011fer fikirleri savundu\u011fu i\u00e7in Engizisyon Komitesi Komitesinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmak zorunda kald\u0131. Kilise, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n durdu\u011funu ve g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki her \u015feyin onun etraf\u0131nda hareket etti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu. Engizisyon, 1616’da di\u011fer teorilerin yaln\u0131zca olgular de\u011fil, olas\u0131l\u0131klar olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fine karar verdi. Galileo da kiliseye itaat edece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmaktan kurtuldu.<\/p>\n

Bilimsel yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Avrupa’daki y\u00fczlerce bilim adam\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle Latince yaz\u0131yordu. Galileo daha sonra,\u00a01632’de Engizisyon’un izniyle en me\u015fhur eserini,\u00a0Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (\u0130ki Ba\u015fl\u0131 D\u00fcnya Sistemi \u00dczerine Diyalog) yay\u0131mlad\u0131. \u0130talyanca olarak yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk kitaplardan biriydi, b\u00f6ylece binlerce \u0130talyan bu kitab\u0131 okuyabildi. Kitap, \u00fc\u00e7 erkek aras\u0131ndaki sohbetler bi\u00e7imindeydi. Kilisenin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden adam\u0131n ad\u0131 “Simplicio” idi.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nceki kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 seven kilise liderleri bu kitab\u0131nda yazd\u0131klar\u0131na k\u0131zm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Engizisyon, 1633’te harekete ge\u00e7ti. Tutukland\u0131 ve yarg\u0131land\u0131. Onu “sapk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015fiddetle \u015f\u00fcphelenilen ki\u015fi” olarak yarg\u0131lad\u0131lar. Ona, sapk\u0131nl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Giordano Bruno’nun kaderini hat\u0131rlatt\u0131lar. Bruno, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f’in etraf\u0131nda dola\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok d\u00fcnyan\u0131n oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yordu. Engizisyon, Galileo’yu infaz etmekle tehdit etti ve\u00a0 yazd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemeye zorlad\u0131. Galileo di\u011fer eserlerini yay\u0131nlanmadan geri \u00e7ekti. Galileo, hayat\u0131n\u0131n geri kalan\u0131n\u0131 Arcetri’de\u00a0ev hapsinde ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n

Galileo’nun Eserleri<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Siderius nuncius. Venedik 1610. Teleskop ile ‘yeni d\u00fcnyalar’ ke\u015ffi.<\/li>\n
  • Dialogo sopra, m\u00fcttefiklerime g\u00f6re, Tolemaico et Copernicano. Floransa, 1632. \u0130ki B\u00fcy\u00fck D\u00fcnya Sistemi Hakk\u0131nda Diyalog.<\/li>\n
  • Discorsi et demonstrazioni mathematiche, intorno a due nuove scienze. (iki yeni bilime ili\u015fkin s\u00f6ylemler ve matematiksel g\u00f6sterimler) Leiden 1638. Bu kitap , hareket matemati\u011fi \u00fczerine \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konuda de\u011fildi ve Hollanda’da, Engizisyon’un topraklar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Galileo Galilei hayat\u0131, bulu\u015flar\u0131, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, eserleri,\u00a0kitaplar\u0131 ve neyi buldu Galileo Galilei (15 \u015eubat 1564 – 8 Ocak 1642) \u0130talyan fizik\u00e7i, matematik\u00e7i, g\u00f6kbilimci ve enstr\u00fcman yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130talya’n\u0131n Pisa \u015fehrinde do\u011fdu….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9899,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-insanlari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9263"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9263"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11795,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9263\/revisions\/11795"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}