\u0130lk posta pulu 1653 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’te hizmet veren Fran\u00e7oise Velayer’e ait Petite Post’ta kullan\u0131ld\u0131. “Billets de Prot Paye” ad\u0131 verilen bu pullar, ger\u00e7ekten bilet \u015feklindeydi ve postaya verilen maddenin \u00fczerine yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fabilen bir \u00f6rne\u011fi olmamakla birlikte, \u00fczerinde \u00f6denen posta \u00fccretinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu biliniyor.<\/p>\n
O d\u00f6nemde, genellikle posta \u00fccreti al\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6dendi\u011finden, “\u00f6nceden \u00f6deme” anlam\u0131na gelen pul kullanma y\u00f6ntemi pek yayg\u0131n de\u011fildi. Posta \u00fccretinin \u00f6nceden \u00f6dendi\u011fini simgeleyen pullar\u0131n \u0130ngiltere’de kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na 1 Nisan 1680 g\u00fcn\u00fc Londra’da ba\u015fland\u0131. O g\u00fcn, William Dockwra, kendisi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan London Penny Post’ta, pullar\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7gen \u015feklindeki bu pullar\u0131n \u00fczerinde, “\u00fccreti \u00f6nceden \u00f6denmi\u015ftir” kayd\u0131 vard\u0131. Dockwra’n\u0131n el yap\u0131m\u0131 pullar\u0131ndan 10 adedi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk yap\u0131\u015fkan pullar, <\/strong>\u0130sko\u00e7ya’n\u0131n Dundee kentinde, 1834 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n A\u011fustos ay\u0131nda James Chalmers taraf\u0131ndan kendi matbaas\u0131nda bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Chalmers’in amac\u0131, posta pullar\u0131n\u0131n tek tip haline getirilebilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlamakt\u0131. \u00d6nceleri hi\u00e7 ilgi \u00e7ekmedi. Ancak, Rowland Hills taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan posta reformu \u00f6nerisini tart\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere 4 Aral\u0131k 1837 g\u00fcn\u00fc toplanan Parlamento Se\u00e7im Komitesi’ne bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 pullardan birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek g\u00f6ndermeyi ba\u015fard\u0131. Hills taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan Posta Reformu tasar\u0131s\u0131nda, pullar\u0131n, zarflar\u0131n \u00fczerine bas\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6neriliyordu. \u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden, bir mucit olarak Chalmers’ ve onun geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi pul sistemini destekleyenlerle, Rowland Hills’in, pul bask\u0131l\u0131 zarf bulu\u015funu destekleyenler aras\u0131nda yo\u011fun tart\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak, bu tart\u0131\u015fma, hi\u00e7bir zaman iki taraftan birini tam olarak tatmin edecek bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015famad\u0131.<\/p>\n 1854 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan “Penny Red” pulunun kenarlar\u0131<\/strong>, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6rneklerinde oldu\u011fu gibi t\u0131rt\u0131ll\u0131 <\/strong>idi. Bu fikrin sahibi olan Henry Archer, ilk perfore (t\u0131rt\u0131l yapma) makinesini 1847 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama ilk denemelerinde istedi\u011fi sonucu alamad\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam etti ve bir y\u0131l sonra iki pul aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenli delikler a\u00e7abilen bir ara\u00e7 yapmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00dczerine herhangi bir ki\u015finin portresi yerine \u00e7e\u015fitli resimler bas\u0131lan ilk posta pullar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 fiyattan sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan “Sidney G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri” adl\u0131 seridir. Avustralya’da, New Southwaies Posta \u0130daresi taraf\u0131ndan 1 Ocak 1850 g\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0130lk posta pulu 1653 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’te hizmet veren Fran\u00e7oise Velayer’e ait Petite Post’ta kullan\u0131ld\u0131. “Billets de Prot Paye” ad\u0131 verilen bu pullar, ger\u00e7ekten bilet \u015feklindeydi ve postaya verilen maddenin \u00fczerine…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[317],"tags":[550,546,1011],"class_list":["post-946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-is-dunyasi","tag-posta","tag-posta-pulu","tag-pul"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/946"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=946"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/946\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7335,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/946\/revisions\/7335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=946"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=946"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=946"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}