Johannes Kepler (27 Aral\u0131k 1571 – 15 Kas\u0131m 1630) Alman bir matematik \u00f6\u011fretmeni, g\u00f6kbilimci, g\u00f6zl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc, do\u011fal filozof, astrolog ve Lutheran teologuydu.\u00a0Bilimsel devrim s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklerde kilit bir rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Tycho Brahe’nin<\/a> \u00f6\u011frencisi ve \u00e7\u0131ra\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Tycho Brahe gezegenlerin g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne hareket etme bi\u00e7imini inceledi. Johannes Kepler, gezegenlerin nas\u0131l hareket etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemenin basit bir yolunu bulmu\u015ftur. Johannes ayr\u0131ca Kepler’in s\u00fcpernovas\u0131 gibi ba\u015fka \u015feyler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Kepler’in zaman\u0131nda;\u00a0din, din ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131, din bilim ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131,\u00a0Ptolemy ve Aristoteles<\/a>‘in eski fikirleri, Kopernik<\/a> ve Galileo<\/a>‘nun yeni ke\u015fifleriyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131,\u00a0astroloji bat\u0131l inan\u00e7 sistemi astronomi bilimi ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0Kepler’in fikirleri de ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlar\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131yordu. Modern d\u00f6nemden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, biraz \u00e7eli\u015fkili fikirleri vard\u0131.\u00a0Bilimsel devrim s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu t\u00fcr \u00e7eli\u015fkiler ola\u011fand\u0131.\u00a0 Kopernik ve Galileo’nun s\u0131k\u0131 bir takip\u00e7isi oldu. G\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin gezegenlerinin dairesel yollar de\u011fil, eliptik yollar\u0131 izledi\u011fini ke\u015ffeden parlak bir matematik\u00e7i ve bilim adam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Johannes Kepler, 27 Aral\u0131k 1571’de, Kutsal Roma Cermen \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’na ait topraklarda, \u015fimdi Almanya’da bulunan Weil der Stadt kasabas\u0131nda do\u011fdu.\u00a0Annesi Katharina Guldenmann, b\u00fcy\u00fckbabas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletilen bir han\u0131n i\u015flerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan bir bitki uzman\u0131yd\u0131. Johannes yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f ya\u015f\u0131ndayken paral\u0131 asker olan babas\u0131 Heinrich Kepler, Hollanda’da bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Johannes sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z bir \u00e7ocuktu. \u00c7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle ellerinden biri tutmuyordu ve g\u00f6rme yetene\u011fi\u00a0 kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak bozuldu ve \u00e7ok az g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Bu zorluklara ra\u011fmen, b\u00fcy\u00fckbabas\u0131n\u0131n misafirhanesindeki misafirlerin, yedikleri ve i\u00e7tiklerinin hesab\u0131n\u0131 tutma ve say\u0131sal problemleri \u00e7\u00f6zme becerisi hayret vericiydi.<\/p>\n Herbalist (Bitki Uzman\u0131) annesi Katharina, do\u011fal d\u00fcnyaya olan sevgisini o\u011fluna aktarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir kuyruklu y\u0131ld\u0131z ve bir ay tutulmas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcndeki ilgin\u00e7 \u015feyleri g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in her gece onu d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yordu.\u00a0Bunu yaparken, fark\u0131nda olmasa da o\u011flunu, g\u00fcne\u015f sistemi ve evren hakk\u0131ndaki anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sonunda tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirecek bir e\u011fitime tabi tutuyordu.<\/p>\n Kepler, akademisyenlerin dili olan Latince e\u011fitim g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve daha sonra Protestan bir rahip olmak istedi\u011fi i\u00e7in Maulbronn Protestan \u0130lahiyat Fak\u00fcltesi’e kat\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0\u0130lahiyat e\u011fitimini Maulbronn’da tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra T\u00fcbingen \u00dcniversitesi’ne ge\u00e7ti. Orada, \u0130lahiyat, Yunanca, \u0130branice ve Felsefe dersleri almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, matematikte daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6ze \u00e7arp\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Nicolaus Copernicus’un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde zihinsel ve matematiksel olarak yetenekli say\u0131labilecek az say\u0131da \u00f6\u011frenciden biriydi. Kepler, Copernicus’un g\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin merkezinde bulunan g\u00fcne\u015f merkezli hipotezinin do\u011fru oldu\u011funa karar verdi.<\/p>\n 1594 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 23 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Kepler, Avusturya Graz \u015fehrinde Protestan Okulu’nda astronomi ve matematik dersleri vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n Kepler, Copernicus\u2019un g\u00fcne\u015f sistemi \u00fczerindeki g\u00fcne\u015f merkezli (heliocentric<\/em>) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.\u00a0Kendi inanc\u0131, g\u00fcne\u015fin y\u00f6r\u00fcngedeki gezegenlere bir g\u00fc\u00e7 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 idi.\u00a01596’da, 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda, bir kitap yay\u0131nlad\u0131 – Kozmos Gizemi. Kitab\u0131, mant\u0131ksal olarak g\u00fcne\u015fin, neden\u00a0 g\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin merkezinde oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n Kepler, Merk\u00fcr’\u00fcn ve Ven\u00fcs’\u00fcn Mars, J\u00fcpiter ve Sat\u00fcrn’\u00fcn aksine G\u00fcne\u015f’e her zaman yak\u0131n oldu\u011funu belirtti. Bunun nedeni, Merk\u00fcr ve Ven\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerinin G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e D\u00fcnya\u2019dan daha yak\u0131n olmas\u0131 idi. Kepler, G\u00fcne\u015f’in ve D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen t\u00fcm gezegenlerin, Merk\u00fcr ve Ven\u00fcs’\u00fcn her zaman g\u00fcne\u015fin yak\u0131n\u0131nda olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir nedeni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n D\u00fcnya dahil, bilinen alt\u0131 gezegen vard\u0131. Bunlar\u00a0Merk\u00fcr, Ven\u00fcs, D\u00fcnya, Mars, J\u00fcpiter ve Sat\u00fcrn idi ve Uran\u00fcs, Nept\u00fcn ve Pluto, Kepler\u2019in d\u00f6neminde hen\u00fcz ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n Bir gezegen y\u00f6r\u00fcnge ad\u0131 verilen bir yol boyunca hareket eder. Kepler yolun \u015fekli ve gezegenin ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 kanun kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Her gezegen, odaklar\u0131ndan birinde G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in bulundu\u011fu y\u00f6r\u00fcngede hareket eder<\/strong><\/p>\n D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n elips y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinin odak noktalar\u0131 F1 ve F2, Mars gezegeni y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi olan elipsin odak noktalar\u0131 ise F1 ve F3 olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcne\u015f bu gezegenlere ait y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerin her ikisinin de odak noktas\u0131 olan F1 de bulunur. F1 noktas\u0131 di\u011fer gezegenlerin de y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerinin odak noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Gezegeni G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e birle\u015ftiren \u00e7izgi e\u015fit zaman aral\u0131klar\u0131nda e\u015fit alanlar tarar.<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2206t zaman\u0131nda taranan A1 alan\u0131, yine \u2206t zaman\u0131nda taranan A2 alan\u0131na e\u015fittir. O halde, gezegen G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00f6r\u00fcnge h\u0131z\u0131 artmal\u0131, uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise azalmal\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re V1 ve V2 h\u0131zlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda V1>V2 diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n Gezegenlerin y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerinin ortalama yar\u0131 \u00e7aplar\u0131 R ve periyotlar\u0131 T olmak \u00fczere R\u00b3\/T\u00b2 oran\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn gezegenler i\u00e7in ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n Gezegenlerin y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerinin ortalama yar\u0131\u00e7aplar\u0131 ( R ) G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e olan maximum ve minimum uzakl\u0131klar toplam\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kepler ilk iki yasay\u0131 1609’da, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc yasay\u0131 1619’da yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n Johannes Kepler kimdir, hayat\u0131, bulu\u015flar\u0131, bilime katk\u0131lar\u0131, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Johannes Kepler (27 Aral\u0131k 1571 – 15 Kas\u0131m 1630) Alman bir matematik \u00f6\u011fretmeni, g\u00f6kbilimci, g\u00f6zl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc, do\u011fal filozof, astrolog ve Lutheran teologuydu.\u00a0Bilimsel…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9903,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-insanlari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9902"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9902"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9902\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12197,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9902\/revisions\/12197"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Johannes Kepler’in \u00c7ocuklu\u011fu ve E\u011fitimi<\/h3>\n
Kepler Gezegenlerin Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri Hakk\u0131nda Ger\u00e7e\u011fi Ke\u015ffeder<\/h3>\n
Kepler Kanunlar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Y\u00f6r\u00fcngeler Kanunu<\/h4>\n
Alanlar Kanunu<\/h4>\n
Periyotlar Kanunu<\/h4>\n
Kepler’in Eserleri<\/h3>\n
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