{"id":997,"date":"2011-01-08T16:48:09","date_gmt":"2011-01-08T14:48:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=997"},"modified":"2018-03-13T00:30:56","modified_gmt":"2018-03-12T22:30:56","slug":"telsiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=997","title":{"rendered":"Telsizi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Telsizi kim icat etti.<\/strong>\u00a0Telsiz<\/strong>, iletim arac\u0131\u00a0olarak tel yerine uzay ortam\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ses, s\u00f6z, yaz\u0131 ve resim \u015feklindeki haberlerin birbirinden uzak noktalar aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak al\u0131n\u0131p verilmesini sa\u011flayan cihazd\u0131r. Bir \u00e7e\u015fit telekominikasyon arac\u0131d\u0131r. Telekominikasyon tekni\u011fi t\u00e2rih boyunca \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalardan\u00a0ge\u00e7mi\u015f, fakat as\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fck geli\u015fmeler elektrikten<\/a> faydalanma ile 19. as\u0131rda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Telefon <\/a>ve telgraf <\/a>gibi telli\u00a0 ba\u011flant\u0131lardan sonra nih\u00e2yet iletim\u00a0ortam\u0131 olarak uzay kullan\u0131larak telsiz irtibatla haberle\u015fme sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk telsiz\u00a0<\/strong>\u0130talya’n\u0131n Bologna kentinde Guglielmo Marconi<\/strong><\/a> taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. Marconi, ilk deneylerini 1894 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bologna’n\u0131n 11 mil uza\u011f\u0131nda, babas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6y\u00fc Villa Grifone’ de yapt\u0131. 1895 Eyl\u00fcl’\u00fcne do\u011fru, deneylerini soka\u011fa yans\u0131tmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Karde\u015fi Alfonso, al\u0131c\u0131 setiyle uzakla\u015f\u0131rken, Guglielmo da vericinin mors <\/a>anahtar\u0131yla oynuyordu.<\/p>\n

\"Gugliemo-Marconi\"<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olursa, Alfonso beyaz bir bayrak sallayarak mesaj\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyordu. Ancak, bunlar\u0131n hepsi a\u00e7\u0131k havada, arada engel olmadan yap\u0131lan deneylerdi. Guglielmo da ger\u00e7ek ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131, ses dalgalar\u0131n\u0131, da\u011flar\u0131 ve tepeleri a\u015f\u0131rtarak daha uzak yerlere g\u00f6nderebilirse g\u00f6sterece\u011fine inan\u0131yordu. \u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden Alfonso, beyaz bayra\u011f\u0131 bir yana att\u0131, Al\u0131c\u0131yla birlikte yan\u0131na bir de av t\u00fcfe\u011fi ald\u0131 ve Villa Grifone’nin ard\u0131ndaki tepeyi doland\u0131. Bir s\u00fcre sonra Guglielmo, evdeki odalardan birinden sinyal g\u00f6ndermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Birka\u00e7 dakika ge\u00e7mi\u015fti ki, bir t\u00fcfek sesi duyuldu. Bu ses, daha sonra Sir William Preece’in s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi, “O g\u00fcne dek ula\u015f\u0131lamaz olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen yerlere telgraf haberle\u015fmesinin ula\u015fabilece\u011finin” m\u00fcjdecisiydi.<\/p>\n

Villa Grifone’deki ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 denemeden sonra Guglielmo Marconi<\/strong>, bulu\u015funu \u0130talyan Posta ve Telgraf Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na \u00f6nerdi. Ret cevab\u0131 al\u0131nca, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni ayg\u0131tla birlikte \u0130ngiltere’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. O d\u00f6nemde \u0130ngiltere, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck denizcilik g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahipti ve radyo dalgalar\u0131yla haberle\u015fmenin getirece\u011fi yararlar\u0131 en iyi de\u011ferlendirebilecek \u00fclkeydi. 1896 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131nda geldi\u011fi \u0130ngiltere’de ilk d\u00fc\u015f k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131. Hoyrat bir g\u00fcmr\u00fck g\u00f6revlisi, Guglielmo’nun vericisini bir casusluk ayg\u0131t\u0131 sanarak par\u00e7alad\u0131, sahibine de “Pis \u0130talyan anar\u015fisti” diyerek hakaret etti.<\/p>\n

Marconi, yan\u0131nda getirdi\u011fi annesi ile birlikte, Londra’da bir oda tuttu ve oraya yerle\u015fti. 2 Haziran 1896 g\u00fcn\u00fc de, buldu\u011fu bir metodun tescili ricas\u0131yla Patent B\u00fcrosu’na ba\u015fvurdu. Metodunu tan\u0131t\u0131rken \u015f\u00f6yle yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 dilek\u00e7esine: “Bu y\u00f6ntemle, elektriksel hareketler ya da bildiriler, havada, karada ya da denizde, y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 elektriksel devinimler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla iletilebilirler,” \u00c7ok ge\u00e7meden kendisini Londra Postanesi’nin Ba\u015fm\u00fchendisi Sir William Preece’nin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda buldu. Sir Preece, 21 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bu \u0130talyan gencine ve onun bulu\u015funa b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilgi g\u00f6stermekle kalmad\u0131, bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in Marconi’ye her t\u00fcrl\u00fc deste\u011fi sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

12 Aral\u0131k 1896 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Londra’da Toynbee Hall’de telsiz cihaz\u0131n\u0131n ilk tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ertesi y\u0131l\u0131n Temmuz ay\u0131nda, Marconi taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Wireless Telegraph and Signal Co. Ltd. adl\u0131 \u015firket, telsiz ve telsiz istasyonu ile radyo malzemeleri \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in faaliyete ge\u00e7ti. \u0130lk s\u00fcrekli telsiz istasyonu, Isle of Wight’ da, Ah\u0131m K\u00f6rfezi’ndeki Needles Hotel’da 1897 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda kuruldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Telsizi kim icat etti.\u00a0Telsiz, iletim arac\u0131\u00a0olarak tel yerine uzay ortam\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ses, s\u00f6z, yaz\u0131 ve resim \u015feklindeki haberlerin birbirinden uzak noktalar aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak al\u0131n\u0131p verilmesini sa\u011flayan cihazd\u0131r. Bir \u00e7e\u015fit…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11408,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1351,1022,592,2431,593],"class_list":["post-997","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-guglielmo-marconi","tag-telsiz","tag-telsizi-kim-buldu","tag-telsizi-kim-icat-etti","tag-telsizin-icadi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/997"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=997"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/997\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11409,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/997\/revisions\/11409"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}